Opinion of Mr Advocate General Lenz delivered on 31 May 1989

1 Original language. German.

2 Council Directive of 10 February 1975 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the application of the principle of equal pay for men and women (OJ 1975, L 45, p. 19)

3 Judgment of 30 June 1966 in Case 61/65 Vaatten (née Göbbels) v Management of the Beambtenfonds voor het Mijnbedrijf [1966] ECR 261

4 See judgments of 6 October 1981 in Case 246/80 C. Brockmeulen v Mattarti Registratie Commissie [1981] ECR 2311 and of 23 March 1982 in Case 102/81 Nordsee Deutsche Hochseefischerei GmbH v Reederei Mond Hochseefischerei Nordstern AG and Co. KG and Reederei F. Butte Hochseefischerei Nordttern AG and Co. KG [1982] ECR 1095.

5 See Case 246/80, supra.

6 Council Directive of 9 February 1976 on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women as regards access to employment, vocational training and promotion, and working conditions (OJ 1976, L 39, p. 40).

7 See judgments of 31 March 1981 in Case 96/80 Jenkins v Kingsgate [1981] ECR 911 and of 27 March 1980 in Case 129/79 Macartbys Ltd v Wendy Smith [1980] ECR 1275

8 Sec, on the concept of indirect discrimination, Article 5 of the Proposal for a Council Directive on the burden of proof in the area of equal pay and equal treatment for women and men (OJ 1988, C 176, p. 5)

9 See Case 96/80, surpa, and the ludgment of 13 May 1986 in Case 170/84 Bilka Kaufbaus GmbH v Karin Weber von Hartz [1986] ECR 1607

10 See the judgment of 1 July 1986 in Case 237/85 Gisela Rummler v Dato-Druck [1986] ECR 2101.

11 Judgment of 10 April 1984 in Case 14/83 Sabine von Colson and Elizabeth Kamann v Land Nordrhein-Westfalen [1984] ECR 1891.

12 OJ 1988, C 176, p. 5.