delivered on 19 April 1989

1 Original language French

2 On the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the application of the principle of equal pav for men and women (OJ L 45. 19 2 1975, p 19).

3 Judgment of 15 June 1978 in Case 149/77 Defrenne v Sabena [1978] ECR 1365, paragraphs 19 and 20.

4 Case 149/77 [1978] ECR 1381.

5 Judgment of 9 February 1982 in Case 12/81 Garland v British Rail Engineering [1982] ECR 359, paragraph 5.

6 Judgment of 25 May 1971 in Case 80/70 Defrenne v Belgium [1971] ECR 445, paragraph 8.

7 Judgment of 3 December 1987 in Case 192/85 Newstead v Department of Transport and Her Majesty's Treasury [1987] ECR 4753, paragraph 15.

8 Judgment of 13 May 1986 in Case 170/84 Bilka-Kaußaus GmbH v Weber von Ham [1986] ECR 1607, paragraphs 20 to 22.

9 Judgment of 11 March 1981 in Case 69/80 Worringham and Humphreys v Lloyds Bank [1982] ECR 767, paragraph 15.

10 Judgment of 18 September 1984 in Case 23/83 Lieftmg and Olhcri v Directie van bet Academisch Ziekenhuis [1984] ECR 3225. paragraphs 12 and 13

11 Case 192/85, supra, paragraph 20; sec also the judgment of 31 March 1981 in Case 96/80 Jenkim v Kingsgate [1981] ECR 911, paragraph 22.

12 Case 96/80, supra, at paragraph 10, emphasis added.

13 Ibid, paragraphs 11 and 13.

14 Case 170/84, supra, paragraph 29.

15 Ibid, operalive part of the judgment, emphasis added.

16 Ibid, paragraph 36.

17 Ibid, paragraph 36

18 OJ C 176, 5.7.1988, p. 5.

19 Case 96/80, paragraph 17; judgment of 8 April 1976 in Case 43/75 Defienne v Sabena (No 2) [1976] ECR 455, paragraph 18; judgment of 27 March 1980 in Case 129/79 Macarlhys and Smith [1980] ECR 1275, paragraph 10; Case 69/80 Woningbam and Humphreys v Lloyds Bank, supra, paragraph 23.

20 Judgment of 4 February 1988 in Case 157/86 Murphy and Others v Bord Telecom Eireann [1988] ECR 673, paragraph 11.

21 Judgment of 11 June 1987 in Case 30/85 Tailing v Bedrijfsvereniging voor de Chemische Industrie [1987] ECR 2497, paragraph 18.