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text: Regulation (EC) No 216/2008

text: of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 February 2008 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Aviation Safety Agency, and repealing

text: Council Directive 91/670/EEC

text: Regulation (EC) No 1592/2002

text: and Directive

text: . OJ L 79, 19.3.2008, p. 1.

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identifier: AMC & GM to Part-ARO

beslut: ED Decision 2012/016/R

nummer: part-aro

title: AMC & GM to Part-ARO

text: European Aviation Safety Agency

text: Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) and Guidance Material (GM) to Part-ARO

text: Initial issue 25 October 2012 AMC and GM to Annex II AUTHORITY REQUIREMENTS FOR AIR OPERATIONS (PART-ARO) Subpart GEN – General requirements SECTION I - GENERAL AMC1 ARO.GEN.120(d)(3) Means of compliance GENERAL The information to be provided to other Member States following approval of an alternative means of compliance should contain a reference to the Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) to which such means of compliance provides an alternative, as well as a reference to the corresponding Implementing Rule, indicating as applicable the subparagraph(s) covered by the alternative means of compliance. GM1 ARO.GEN.120 Means of compliance GENERAL Alternative means of compliance used by a competent authority or by organisations under its oversight may be used by other competent authorities or organisations only if processed again in accordance with ARO.GEN.120 (d) and (e). SECTION II - MANAGEMENT AMC1 ARO.GEN.200(a) Management system GENERAL (a) All of the following should be considered when deciding upon the required organisational structure: (1) the number of certificates, attestations, authorisations and approvals to be issued; (2) the number of certified persons and organisations exercising an activity within that Member State, including persons or organisations certified by other competent authorities; (3) the possible use of qualified entities and of resources of other competent authorities to fulfil the continuing oversight obligations; (4) the level of civil aviation activity in terms of (i) number and complexity of aircraft operated; (ii) size and complexity of the Member State’s aviation industry; (5) the potential growth of activities in the field of civil aviation. (b) The set-up of the organisational structure should ensure that the various tasks and obligations of the competent authority do not rely solely on individuals. A continuous and undisturbed fulfilment of these tasks and obligations of the competent authority should also be guaranteed in case of illness, accident or leave of individual employees. GM1 ARO.GEN.200(a) Management system GENERAL (a) The competent authority designated by each Member State should be organised in such a way that: (1) there is specific and effective management authority in the conduct of all relevant activities; (2) the functions and processes described in the applicable requirements of

text: Regulation (EC) No 216/2008

text: and its Implementing Rules and AMCs, Certification Specifications (CSs) and Guidance Material (GM) may be properly implemented; (3) the competent authority’s organisation and operating procedures for the implementation of the applicable requirements of

text: Regulation (EC) No 216/2008

text: and its Implementing Rules are properly documented and applied; (4) all competent authority personnel involved in the related activities are provided with training where necessary; (5) specific and effective provision is made for the communication and interface as necessary with the Agency and the competent authorities of other Member States; and (6) all functions related to implementing the applicable requirements are adequately described. (b) A general policy in respect of activities related to the applicable requirements of

text: Regulation (EC) No 216/2008

text: and its Implementing Rules should be developed, promoted and implemented by the manager at the highest appropriate level; for example the manager at the top of the functional area of the competent authority that is responsible for such activities. (c) Appropriate steps should be taken to ensure that the policy is known and understood by all personnel involved, and all necessary steps should be taken to implement and maintain the policy. (d) The general policy, whilst also satisfying additional national regulatory responsibilities, should in particular take into account: (1) the provisions of

text: Regulation (EC) No 216/2008

text: ; (2) the provisions of the applicable Implementing Rules and their AMCs, CSs and GM; (3) the needs of industry; and (4) the needs of the Agency and of the competent authority. (e) The policy should define specific objectives for key elements of the organisation and processes for implementing related activities, including the corresponding control procedures and the measurement of the achieved standard. AMC1 ARO.GEN.200(a)(1) Management system DOCUMENTED POLICIES AND PROCEDURES (a) The various elements of the organisation involved with the activities related to

text: Regulation (EC) No 216/2008

text: and its Implementing Rules should be documented in order to establish a reference source for the establishment and maintenance of this organisation. (b) The documented procedures should be established in a way that facilitates their use. They should be clearly identified, kept up-to-date and made readily available to all personnel involved in the related activities. (c) The documented procedures should cover, as a minimum, all of the following aspects: (1) policy and objectives; (2) organisational structure; (3) responsibilities and associated authority; (4) procedures and processes; (5) internal and external interfaces; (6) internal control procedures; (7) training of personnel; (8) cross-references to associated documents; (9) assistance from other competent authorities or the Agency (where required). (d) It is likely that the information is held in more than one document or series of documents, and suitable cross-referencing should be provided. For example, organisational structure and job descriptions are not usually in the same documentation as the detailed working procedures. In such cases it is recommended that the documented procedures include an index of cross-references to all such other related information, and the related documentation should be readily available when required. AMC1 ARO.GEN.200(a)(2) Management system QUALIFICATION AND TRAINING - GENERAL (a) The competent authority should ensure appropriate and adequate training of its personnel to meet the standard that is considered necessary to perform the work. To ensure personnel remain qualified, arrangements should be made for initial and recurrent training as required. (b) The basic capability of the competent authority’s personnel is a matter of recruitment and normal management functions in selection of personnel for particular duties. Moreover, the competent authority should provide training in the basic skills as required for those duties. However, to avoid differences in understanding and interpretation, all personnel should be provided with further training specifically related to

text: Regulation (EC) No 216/2008

text: , its Implementing Rules and related AMCs, CSs and GM, as well as related to the assessment of alternative means of compliance. (c) The competent authority may provide training through its own training organisation with qualified trainers or through another qualified training source. (d) When training is not provided through an internal training organisation, adequately experienced and qualified persons may act as trainers, provided their training skills have been assessed. If required, an individual training plan should be established covering specific training skills. Records should be kept of such training and of the assessment, as appropriate. AMC2 ARO.GEN.200(a)(2) Management system QUALIFICATION AND TRAINING - INSPECTORS (a) Initial training programme: The initial training programme for inspectors should include, as appropriate to their role, current knowledge, experience and skills in at least all of the following: (1) aviation legislation organisation and structure; (2) the Chicago Convention, relevant ICAO annexes and documents; (3) the applicable requirements and procedures; (4) management systems, including auditing, risk assessment and reporting techniques; (5) human factors principles; (6) rights and obligations of inspecting personnel of the competent authority; (7) ‘on-the-job’ training; (8) suitable technical training appropriate to the role and tasks of the inspector, in particular for those areas requiring approvals. (b) Recurrent training programme: The recurrent training programme should reflect, at least, changes in aviation legislation and industry. The programme should also cover the specific needs of the inspectors and the competent authority. GM1 ARO.GEN.200(a)(2) Management System SUFFICIENT PERSONNEL (a) This GM on the determination of the required personnel is limited to the performance of certification and oversight tasks, excluding personnel required to perform tasks subject to any national regulatory requirements. (b) The elements to be considered when determining required personnel and planning their availability may be divided into quantitative and qualitative elements: (1) Quantitative elements: (i) the estimated number of initial certificates to be issued; (ii) the number of organisations certified by the competent authority; (iii) the number of persons to whom the competent authority has issued a licence, certificate, rating, authorisation or attestation; (iv) the estimated number of persons and organisations exercising their activity within the territory of the Member State and established or residing in another Member State. (2) Qualitative elements: (i) the size, nature and complexity of activities of certified organisations (cf. AMC1 ORO.GEN.200(b)), taking into account: (A) privileges of the organisation; (B) type of approval, scope of approval, multiple certification; (C) possible certification to industry standards; (D) types of aircraft / flight simulation training devices (FSTDs) operated; (E) number of personnel; and (F) organisational structure, existence of subsidiaries; (ii) the safety priorities identified; (iii) the results of past oversight activities, including audits, inspections and reviews, in terms of risks and regulatory compliance, taking into account: (A) number and level of findings; (B) timeframe for implementation of corrective actions; and (C) maturity of management systems implemented by organisations and their ability to effectively manage safety risks, taking into account also information provided by other competent authorities related to activities in the territory of the Member States concerned; and (iv) the size and complexity of the Member State’s aviation industry and the potential growth of activities in the field of civil aviation, which may be an indication of the number of new applications and changes to existing certificates to be expected. (c) Based on existing data from previous oversight planning cycles and taking into account the situation within the Member State’s aviation industry, the competent authority may estimate: (1) the standard working time required for processing applications for new certificates (for persons and organisations); (2) the number of new certificates to be issued for each planning period; and (3) the number of changes to existing certificates to be processed for each planning period. (d) In line with the competent authority’s oversight policy, the following planning data should be determined specifically for each type of organisation certified by the competent authority: (1) standard number of audits to be performed per oversight planning cycle; (2) standard duration of each audit; (3) standard working time for audit preparation, on-site audit, reporting and follow-up, per inspector; (4) standard number of ramp and unannounced inspections to be performed; (5) standard duration of inspections, including preparation, reporting and follow-up, per inspector; (6) minimum number and required qualification of inspectors for each audit/inspection. (e) Standard working time could be expressed either in working hours per inspector or in working days per inspector. All planning calculations should then be based on the same unit (hours or working days). (f) It is recommended to use a spreadsheet application to process data defined under (c) and (d), to assist in determining the total number of working hours / days per oversight planning cycle required for certification, oversight and enforcement activities. This application could also serve as a basis for implementing a system for planning the availability of personnel. (g) For each type of organisation certified by the competent authority the number of working hours / days per planning period for each qualified inspector that may be allocated for certification, oversight and enforcement activities should be determined, taking into account: (1) purely administrative tasks not directly related to oversight and certification; (2) training; (3) participation in other projects; (4) planned absence; and (5) the need to include a reserve for unplanned tasks or unforeseeable events. (h) The determination of working time available for certification, oversight and enforcement activities should also consider: (1) the possible use of qualified entities; and (2) possible cooperation with other competent authorities for approvals involving more than one Member State. (i) Based on the elements listed above, the competent authority should be able to: (1) monitor dates when audits and inspections are due and when they have been carried out; (2) implement a system to plan the availability of personnel; and (3) identify possible gaps between the number and qualification of personnel and the required volume of certification and oversight. Care should be taken to keep planning data up-to-date in line with changes in the underlying planning assumptions, with particular focus on risk-based oversight principles. AMC1 ARO.GEN.200(d) Management system PROCEDURES AVAILABLE TO THE AGENCY (a) Copies of the procedures related to the competent authority’s management system and their amendments to be made available to the Agency for the purpose of standardisation should provide at least the following information: (1) Regarding continuing oversight functions undertaken by the competent authority, the competent authority’s organisational structure with description of the main processes. This information should demonstrate the allocation of responsibilities within the competent authority, and that the competent authority is capable of carrying out the full range of tasks regarding the size and complexity of the Member State’s aviation industry. It should also consider overall proficiency and authorisation scope of competent authority personnel. (2) For personnel involved in oversight activities, the minimum professional qualification requirements and experience and principles guiding appointment (e.g. assessment). (3) How the following are carried out: assessing applications and evaluating compliance, issuance of certificates, performance of continuing oversight, follow-up of findings, enforcement measures and resolution of safety concerns. (4) Principles of managing exemptions and derogations. (5) Processes in place to disseminate applicable safety information for timely reaction to a safety problem. (6) Criteria for planning continuing oversight (oversight programme), including adequate management of interfaces when conducting continuing oversight (air operations, flight crew licensing, continuing airworthiness management for example). (7) Outline of the initial training of newly recruited oversight personnel (taking future activities into account), and the basic framework for continuation training of oversight personnel. (b) As part of the continuous monitoring of a competent authority, the Agency may request details of the working methods used, in addition to the copy of the procedures of the competent authority’s management system (and amendments). These additional details are the procedures and related guidance material describing working methods for competent authority personnel conducting oversight. (c) Information related to the competent authority’s management system may be submitted in electronic format. GM1 ARO.GEN.205 Allocation of tasks to qualified entities CERTIFICATION TASKS The tasks that may be performed by a qualified entity on behalf of the competent authority include those related to the initial certification and continuing oversight of persons and organisations as defined in this Regulation, with the exclusion of the issuance of certificates, licences, ratings or approvals. AMC1 ARO.GEN.220(a) Record-keeping GENERAL (a) The record-keeping system should ensure that all records are accessible whenever needed within a reasonable time. These records should be organised in a way that ensures traceability and retrievability throughout the required retention period. (b) Records should be kept in paper form or in electronic format or a combination of both media. Records stored on microfilm or optical disc form are also acceptable. The records should remain legible and accessible throughout the required retention period. The retention period starts when the record has been created. (c) Paper systems should use robust material, which can withstand normal handling and filing. Computer systems should have at least one backup system, which should be updated within 24 hours of any new entry. Computer systems should include safeguards against unauthorised alteration of data. (d) All computer hardware used to ensure data backup should be stored in a different location from that containing the working data and in an environment that ensures they remain in good condition. When hardware- or software-changes take place, special care should be taken that all necessary data continue to be accessible at least through the full period specified in the relevant Subpart or by default in ARO.GEN.220 (c). AMC1 ARO.GEN.220(a)(1);(2);(3) Record-keeping COMPETENT AUTHORITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Records related to the competent authority’s management system should include, as a minimum and as applicable: (a) the documented policies and procedures; (b) the personnel files of competent authority personnel, with supporting documents related to training and qualifications; (c) the results of the competent authority’s internal audit and safety risk management processes, including audit findings and corrective actions; and (d) the contract(s) established with qualified entities performing certification or oversight tasks on behalf of the competent authority. AMC1 ARO.GEN.220(a)(4) Record-keeping ORGANISATIONS Records related to an organisation certified by the competent authority should include, as appropriate to the type of organisation: (a) the application for an organisation approval; (b) the documentation based on which the approval has been granted and any amendments to that documentation; (c) the organisation approval certificate including any changes; (d) a copy of the continuing oversight programme listing the dates when audits are due and when such audits were carried out; (e) continuing oversight records including all audit and inspection records; (f) copies of all relevant correspondence; (g) details of any exemption and enforcement actions; (h) any report from other competent authorities relating to the oversight of the organisation; and (i) a copy of any other document approved by the competent authority. GM1 ARO.GEN.220(a)(4) Record-keeping ORGANISATIONS - DOCUMENTATION Documentation to be kept as records in support of the approval include the management system documentation, including any technical manuals, such as the operations manual, and training manual, that have been submitted with the initial application, and any amendments to these documents. AMC1 ARO.GEN.220(a)(6) Record-keeping ACTIVITIES PERFORMED IN THE TERRITORY OF A MEMBER STATE BY PERSONS OR ORGANISATIONS ESTABLISHED OR RESIDING IN ANOTHER MEMBER STATE (a) Records related to the oversight of activities performed in the territory of a Member State by persons or organisations established or residing in another Member State should include, as a minimum: (1) oversight records including all audit and inspection records and related correspondence; (2) copies of all relevant correspondence to exchange information with other competent authorities relating to the oversight of such persons/organisations; (3) details of any enforcement measures and penalties; and (4) any report from other competent authorities relating to the oversight of these persons/organisations, including any notification of evidence showing non-compliance with the applicable requirements. (b) Records should be kept by the competent authority having performed the audit or inspection and should be made available to other competent authorities at least in the following cases: (1) serious incidents or accidents; (2) findings through the oversight programme where organisations certified by another competent authority are involved, to determine the root cause; (3) an organisation being certified or having approvals in several Member States. (c) When records are requested by another competent authority, the reason for the request should be clearly stated. (d) The records can be made available by sending a copy or by allowing access to them for consultation. GM1 ARO.GEN.220 Record-keeping GENERAL Records are required to document results achieved or to provide evidence of activities performed. Records become factual when recorded. Therefore, they are not subject to version control. Even when a new record is produced covering the same issue, the previous record remains valid. SECTION III - OVERSIGHT, CERTIFICATION AND ENFORCEMENT AMC1 ARO.GEN.300 (a);(b);(c) Oversight GENERAL (a) The competent authority should assess the organisation and monitor its continued competence to conduct safe operations in compliance with the applicable requirements. The competent authority should ensure that accountability for assessing organisations is clearly defined. This accountability may be delegated or shared, in whole or in part. Where more than one competent authority is involved, a responsible person should be appointed under whose personal authority organisations are assessed. (b) It is essential that the competent authority has the full capability to adequately assess the continued competence of an organisation by ensuring that the whole range of activities is assessed by appropriately qualified personnel. GM1 ARO.GEN.300(a); (b);(c) Oversight GENERAL (a) Responsibility for the conduct of safe operations lies with the organisation. Under these provisions a positive move is made towards devolving upon the organisation a share of the responsibility for monitoring the safety of operations. The objective cannot be attained unless organisations are prepared to accept the implications of this policy including that of committing the necessary resources to its implementation. Crucial to the success of the policy is the content of Part-ORO, which requires the establishment of a management system by the organisation. (b) The competent authority should continue to assess the organisation's compliance with the applicable requirements, including the effectiveness of the management system. If the management system is judged to have failed in its effectiveness, then this in itself is a breach of the requirements which may, among others, call into question the validity of a certificate, if applicable. (c) The accountable manager is accountable to the competent authority as well as to those who may appoint him/her. It follows that the competent authority cannot accept a situation in which the accountable manager is denied sufficient funds, manpower or influence to rectify deficiencies identified by the management system. GM1 ARO.GEN.300(d) Oversight ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE TERRITORY OF THE MEMBER STATE (a) Activities performed in the territory of the Member State by persons or organisations established or residing in another Member State include: (1) activities of organisations certified by the competent authority of any other Member State or the Agency; and (2) activities of persons holding a licence, certificate, rating, or attestation issued by the competent authority of any other Member State. (b) Audits and inspections of such activities, including ramp and unannounced inspections, should be prioritised towards those areas of greater safety concern, as identified through the analysis of data on safety hazards and their consequences in operations. AMC1 ARO.GEN.305(b) Oversight programme SPECIFIC NATURE AND COMPLEXITY OF THE ORGANISATION, RESULTS OF PAST OVERSIGHT (a) When determining the oversight programme for an organisation the competent authority should consider in particular the following elements, as applicable: (1) the implementation by the organisation of industry standards, directly relevant to the organisation’s activity subject to this Regulation; (2) the procedure applied for and scope of changes not requiring prior approval; (3) specific approvals held by the organisation; (4) specific procedures implemented by the organisation related to any alternative means of compliance used. (b) For the purpose of assessing the complexity of an organisation’s management system, AMC1 ORO.GEN.200(b) should be used. (c) Regarding results of past oversight, the competent authority should also take into account relevant results of ramp inspections of organisations it has certified that were performed in other Member States in accordance with ARO.RAMP. AMC2 ARO.GEN.305(b) Oversight programme PROCEDURES FOR OVERSIGHT OF OPERATIONS (a) Each organisation to which a certificate has been issued should have an inspector specifically assigned to it. Several inspectors should be required for the larger companies with widespread or varied types of operation. This does not prevent a single inspector being assigned to several companies. Where more than one inspector is assigned to an organisation, one of them should be nominated as having overall responsibility for supervision of, and liaison with, the organisation’s management, and be responsible for reporting on compliance with the requirements for its operations as a whole. (b) Audits and inspections, on a scale and frequency appropriate to the operation, should cover at least: (1) infrastructure, (2) manuals, (3) training, (4) crew records, (5) equipment, (6) release of flight/dispatch, (7) dangerous goods, (8) organisation’s management system. (c) The following types of inspections should be envisaged, as part of the oversight programme: (1) flight inspection, (2) ground inspection (documents and records), (3) ramp inspection. The inspection should be a ‘deep cut’ through the items selected and all findings should be recorded. Inspectors should review the root cause(s) identified by the organisation for each confirmed finding. Inspectors should be satisfied that the root cause(s) identified and the corrective actions taken are adequate to correct the non-compliance and to prevent re-occurrence. (d) Audits and inspections may be conducted separately or in combination. Audits and inspections may, at the discretion of the competent authority, be conducted with or without prior notice to the organisation. (e) Where it is apparent to an inspector that an organisation has permitted a breach of the applicable requirements, with the result that air safety has, or might have, been compromised, the inspector should ensure that the responsible person within the competent authority is informed without delay. (f) In the first few months of a new operation, inspectors should be particularly alert to any irregular procedures, evidence of inadequate facilities or equipment, or indications that management control of the operation may be ineffective. They should also carefully examine any conditions that may indicate a significant deterioration in the organisation's financial management. When any financial difficulties are identified, inspectors should increase technical surveillance of the operation with particular emphasis on the upholding of safety standards. (g) The number or the magnitude of the non-compliances identified by the competent authority will serve to support the competent authority's continuing confidence in the organisation's competence or, alternatively, may lead to an erosion of that confidence. In the latter case the competent authority should review any identifiable shortcomings of the management system. GM1 ARO.GEN.305(b) Oversight Programme FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Examples of trends that may indicate problems in a new organisation's financial management are: (a) significant lay-offs or turnover of personnel; (b) delays in meeting payroll; (c) reduction of safe operating standards; (d) decreasing standards of training; (e) withdrawal of credit by suppliers; (f) inadequate maintenance of aircraft; (g) shortage of supplies and spare parts; (h) curtailment or reduced frequency of revenue flights; and (i) sale or repossession of aircraft or other major equipment items. AMC1 ARO.GEN.305(b)(1) Oversight programme AUDIT (a) The oversight programme should indicate which aspects of the approval will be covered with each audit. (b) Part of an audit should concentrate on the organisation’s compliance monitoring reports produced by the compliance monitoring personnel to determine if the organisation is identifying and correcting its problems. (c) At the conclusion of the audit, an audit report should be completed by the auditing inspector, including all findings raised. AMC2 ARO.GEN.305(b)(1) Oversight programme RAMP INSPECTIONS (a) When conducting a ramp inspection of aircraft used by organisations under its regulatory oversight the competent authority should, in as far as possible, comply with the requirements defined in ARO.RAMP. (b) When conducting ramp inspections on other-than-suspected aircraft, the competent authority should take into account the following elements: (1) repeated inspections should be avoided of those organisations for which previous inspections have not revealed safety deficiencies; (2) the oversight programme should enable the widest possible sampling rate of aircraft flying into their territory; and (3) there should be no discrimination on the basis of the organisation’s nationality, the type of operation or type of aircraft, unless such criteria can be linked to an increased risk. (c) For aircraft other than those used by organisations under its regulatory oversight, when conducting a risk assessment the competent authority should consider aircraft that have not been ramp inspected for more than 6 months. AMC1 ARO.GEN.305(b);(c) Oversight programme INDUSTRY STANDARDS (a) For organisations having demonstrated compliance with industry standards, the competent authority may adapt its oversight programme, in order to avoid duplication of specific audit items. (b) Demonstrated compliance with industry standards should not be considered in isolation from the other elements to be considered for the competent authority’s risk-based oversight. (c) In order to be able to credit any audits performed as part of certification in accordance with industry standards, the following should be considered: (1) the demonstration of compliance is based on certification auditing schemes providing for independent and systematic verification; (2) the existence of an accreditation scheme and accreditation body for certification in accordance with the industry standards has been verified; (3) certification audits are relevant to the requirements defined in Annex III (Part-ORO) and other Annexes to this Regulation as applicable; (4) the scope of such certification audits can easily be mapped against the scope of oversight in accordance with Annex III (Part-ORO); (5) audit results are accessible to the competent authority and open to exchange of information in accordance with

text: Article 15(1) of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008

text: ; and (6) the audit planning intervals of certification audits i.a.w. industry standards are compatible with the oversight planning cycle. AMC1 ARO.GEN.305(c) Oversight programme OVERSIGHT PLANNING CYCLE (a) When determining the oversight planning cycle and defining the oversight programme, the competent authority should assess the risks related to the activity of each organisation and adapt the oversight to the level of risk identified and to the organisation’s ability to effectively manage safety risks. (b) The competent authority should establish a schedule of audits and inspections appropriate to each organisation's business. The planning of audits and inspections should take into account the results of the hazard identification and risk assessment conducted and maintained by the organisation as part of the organisation’s management system. Inspectors should work in accordance with the schedule provided to them. (c) When the competent authority, having regard to an organisation's safety performance, varies the frequency of an audit or inspection it should ensure that all aspects of the operation are audited and inspected within the applicable oversight planning cycle. (d) The section(s) of the oversight programme dealing with ramp inspections should be developed based on geographical locations, taking into account aerodrome activity, and focusing on key issues that can be inspected in the time available without unnecessarily delaying the operations. AMC2 ARO.GEN.305(c) Oversight programme OVERSIGHT PLANNING CYCLE (a) For each organisation certified by the competent authority all processes should be completely audited at periods not exceeding the applicable oversight planning cycle. The beginning of the first oversight planning cycle is normally determined by the date of issue of the first certificate. If the competent authority wishes to align the oversight planning cycle with the calendar year, it should shorten the first oversight planning cycle accordingly. (b) The interval between two audits for a particular process should not exceed the interval of the applicable oversight planning cycle. (c) Audits should include at least one on-site audit within each oversight planning cycle. For organisations exercising their regular activity at more than one site, the determination of the sites to be audited should consider the results of past oversight, the volume of activity at each site, as well as main risk areas identified. (d) For organisations holding more than one certificate, the competent authority may define an integrated oversight schedule to include all applicable audit items. In order to avoid duplication of audits, credit may be granted for specific audit items already completed during the current oversight planning cycle, subject to four conditions: (1) the specific audit item should be the same for all certificates under consideration; (2) there should be satisfactory evidence on record that such specific audit items were carried out and that all corrective actions have been implemented to the satisfaction of the competent authority; (3) the competent authority should be satisfied that there is no reason to believe standards have deteriorated in respect of those specific audit items being granted a credit; (4) the interval between two audits for the specific item being granted a credit should not exceed the applicable oversight planning cycle. AMC1 ARO.GEN.305(d) Oversight programme PERSONS HOLDING A LICENCE, CERTIFICATE, RATING OR ATTESTATION The oversight of persons holding a licence, certificate, rating or attestation should normally be ensured as part of the oversight of organisations. Additionally, the competent authority should verify compliance with applicable requirements when endorsing or renewing ratings. To properly discharge its oversight responsibilities, the competent authority should perform a certain number of unannounced verifications. AMC1 ARO.GEN.310(a) Initial certification procedure - organisations VERIFICATION OF COMPLIANCE (a) Upon receipt of an application for an air operator certificate (AOC), the competent authority should: (1) assess the management system and processes, including the operator’s organisation and operational control system; (2) review the operations manual and any other documentation provided by the organisation; and (3) for the purpose of verifying the organisation’s compliance with the applicable requirements, conduct an audit at the organisation’s facilities. The competent authority may require the conduct of one or more demonstration flights operated as if they were commercial flights. (b) The competent authority should ensure that the following steps are taken: (1) The organisation's written application for an AOC should be submitted at least 90 days before the date of intended operation, except that the operations manual may be submitted later, but not less than 60 days before the date of intended operation. The application form should be printed in language(s) of the competent authority's choosing. (2) An individual should be nominated by the responsible person of the competent authority to oversee, to become the focal point for all aspects of the organisation certification process and to coordinate all necessary activity. The nominated person should be responsible to the responsible person of the competent authority for confirming that all appropriate audits and inspections have been carried out. He/she should also ensure that the necessary specific or prior approvals required by (b)(3) are issued in due course. Of particular importance on initial application is a careful review of the qualifications of the organisations’ nominated persons. Account shall be taken of the relevance of the nominee's previous experience and known record. (3) Submissions that require the competent authority's specific or prior approval should be referred to the appropriate department of the competent authority. Submissions should include, where relevant, the associated qualification requirements and training programmes. (c) The ability of the applicant to secure, in compliance with the applicable requirements and the safe operation of aircraft, all necessary training and, where required, licensing of personnel, should be assessed. This assessment should also include the areas of responsibility and the numbers of those allocated by the applicant to key management tasks. (d) In order to verify the organisation’s compliance with the applicable requirements, the competent authority should conduct an audit of the organisation, including interviews of personnel and inspections carried out at the organisation’s facilities. The competent authority should only conduct such audit after being satisfied that the application shows compliance with the applicable requirements. (e) The audit should focus on the following areas: (1) detailed management structure, including names and qualifications of personnel required by ORO.GEN.210 and adequacy of the organisation and management structure; (2) personnel: (i) adequacy of number and qualifications with regard to the intended terms of approval and associated privileges; (ii) validity of licences, ratings, certificates or attestations as applicable; (3) processes for safety risk management and compliance monitoring; (4) facilities – adequacy with regard to the organisation’s scope of work; (5) documentation based on which the certificate should be granted (organisation documentation as required by Part-ORO, including technical manuals, such as operations manual or training manual). (f) In case of non-compliance, the applicant should be informed in writing of the corrections that are required. (g) When the verification process is complete, the person with overall responsibility, nominated in accordance with (b)(2), should present the application to the person responsible for the issue of an AOC together with a written recommendation and evidence of the result of all investigations or assessments which are required before the operator certificate is issued. Approvals required shall be attached to the recommendation. The competent authority should inform the applicant of its decision concerning the application within 60 days of receipt of all supporting documentation. In cases where an application for an organisation certificate is refused, the applicant should be informed of the right of appeal as exists under national law. AMC1 ARO.GEN.330 Changes – organisations GENERAL (a) Changes in nominated persons: The competent authority should be informed of any changes to personnel specified in Part-ORO that may affect the certificate or terms of approval/approval schedule attached to it. When an organisation submits the name of a new nominee for any of the persons nominated as per ORO.GEN.210(b), the competent authority should require the organisation to produce a written résumé of the proposed person's qualifications. The competent authority should reserve the right to interview the nominee or call for additional evidence of his/her suitability before deciding upon his/her acceptability. (b) A simple management system documentation status sheet should be maintained, which contains information on when an amendment was received by the competent authority and when it was approved. (c) The organisation should provide each management system documentation amendment to the competent authority, including for the amendments that do not require prior approval by the competent authority. Where the amendment requires competent authority approval, the competent authority, when satisfied, should indicate its approval in writing. Where the amendment does not require prior approval, the competent authority should acknowledge receipt in writing within 10 working days. (d) For changes requiring prior approval, in order to verify the organisation's compliance with the applicable requirements, the competent authority should conduct an audit of the organisation, limited to the extent of the changes. If required for verification, the audit should include interviews and inspections carried out at the organisation’s facilities. GM1 ARO.GEN.330 Changes  organisations CHANGE OF NAME OF THE ORGANISATION (a) On receipt of the application and the relevant parts of the organisation’s documentation as required by Part-ORO, the competent authority should re-issue the certificate. (b) A name change alone does not require the competent authority to audit the organisation, unless there is evidence that other aspects of the organisation have changed. GM1 ARO.GEN.350 Findings and corrective actions  organisations TRAINING For a level 1 finding it may be necessary for the competent authority to ensure that further training by the organisation is carried out and audited by the competent authority before the activity is resumed, dependent upon the nature of the finding. GM1 ARO.GEN.355(b) Findings and enforcement measures – persons GENERAL This provision is necessary to ensure that enforcement measures will be taken also in cases where the competent authority may not act on the licence, certificate or attestation. The type of enforcement measure will depend on the applicable national law and may include for example the payment of a fine or the prohibition from exercising. It covers two cases: (a) persons subject to the requirements laid down in

text: Regulation (EC) No 216/2008

text: and its Implementing Rules who are not required to hold a licence, certificate or attestation; and (b) persons who are required to hold a licence, rating, certificate or attestation, but who do not hold the appropriate licence, rating, certificate or attestation as required for the activity they perform. SUBPART OPS - AIR OPERATIONS SECTION I - CERTIFICATION OF COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT OPERATORS AMC1 ARO.OPS.105 Code-share arrangements SAFETY OF A CODE-SHARE AGREEMENT (a) When evaluating the safety of a code-share agreement, the competent authority should check that the: (1) documented information provided by the applicant in accordance with ORO.AOC.115 is complete and shows compliance with the applicable ICAO standards; and (2) operator has established a code-share audit programme for monitoring continuous compliance of the third country operator with the applicable ICAO standards. (b) The competent authority should request the applicant to make a declaration covering the above items. (c) In case of non-compliance the applicant should be informed in writing of the corrections which are required. AMC2 ARO.OPS.105 Code-share arrangements AUDITS PERFORMED BY A THIRD PARTY PROVIDER When audits are performed by a third party provider, the competent authority should verify if the third party provider meets the criteria established in AMC2 ORO.AOC.115(b). AMC1 ARO.OPS.110 Lease agreements WET LEASE-IN (a) Before approving a wet lease-in agreement the competent authority of the lessee should assess available reports on ramp inspections performed on aircraft of the lessor. (b) The competent authority should only approve a wet lease-in agreement if the routes intended to be flown are contained within the authorised areas of operations specified in the AOC of the lessor. AMC2 ARO.OPS.110 Lease agreements SHORT TERM WET LEASE-IN The competent authority of the lessee may approve third country operators individually or a framework contract with more than one third country operator in anticipation of operational needs or to overcome operational difficulties taking into account the conditions defined in

text: Article 13(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1008/2008

text: . GM1 ARO.OPS.110 Lease agreements APPROVAL (a) Except for wet lease-out, approval for an EU operator to lease an aircraft of another operator should be issued by the competent authority of the lessee and the competent authority of the lessor. (b) When an EU operator leases an aircraft of an undertaking or person other than an operator the competent authority of the lessee should issue the approval. GM2 ARO.OPS.110 Lease agreements DRY LEASE-OUT The purpose of the requirement for the competent authority to ensure proper coordination with the authority that is responsible for the oversight of the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft in accordance with

text: Commission Regulation (EC) No 2042/2003

text: is to ensure that appropriate arrangements are in place to allow: (a) the transfer of regulatory oversight over the aircraft, if relevant; or (b) continued compliance of the aircraft with the requirements of

text: Commission Regulation (EC) No 2042/2003

text: . SECTION II – APPROVALS AMC1 ARO.OPS.200 Specific approval procedure PROCEDURES FOR THE APPROVAL OF CARRIAGE OF DANGEROUS GOODS When verifying compliance with the applicable requirements of SPA.DG.100, the competent authority should check that: (a) the procedures specified in the operations manual are sufficient for the safe transport of dangerous goods; (b) operations personnel are properly trained in accordance with the ICAO Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air (ICAO Doc 9284-AN/905); and

text: OJ L 315, 28.11.2003, p. 1.

text: (c) a reporting scheme is in place. AMC2 ARO.OPS.200 Specific approval procedure PROCEDURES FOR THE APPROVAL FOR REDUCED VERTICAL SEPARATION MINIMA (RVSM) OPERATIONS (a) When verifying compliance with the applicable requirements of Subpart D of Annex V (SPA.RVSM), the competent authority should verify that: (1) each aircraft holds an adequate RVSM airworthiness approval; (2) procedures for monitoring and reporting height keeping errors have been established; (3) a training programme for the flight crew involved in these operations has been established; and (4) operating procedures have been established. (b) Demonstration flight(s) The content of the RVSM application may be sufficient to verify the aircraft performance and procedures. However, the final step of the approval process may require a demonstration flight. The competent authority may appoint an inspector for a flight in RVSM airspace to verify that all relevant procedures are applied effectively. If the performance is satisfactory, operation in RVSM airspace may be permitted. (c) Form of approval documents Each aircraft group for which the operator is granted approval should be listed in the approval. (d) Airspace monitoring For airspace, where a numerical target level of safety is prescribed, monitoring of aircraft height keeping performance in the airspace by an independent height monitoring system is necessary to verify that the prescribed level of safety is being achieved. However, an independent monitoring check of an aircraft is not a prerequisite for the grant of an RVSM approval. (1) Suspension, revocation and reinstatement of RVSM approval The incidence of height keeping errors that can be tolerated in an RVSM environment is small. It is expected of each operator to take immediate action to rectify the conditions that cause an error. The operator should report an occurrence involving poor height keeping to the competent authority within 72 hours. The report should include an initial analysis of causal factors and measures taken to prevent repeat occurrences. The need for follow-up reports should be determined by the competent authority. Occurrences that should be reported and investigated are errors of: (i) total vertical error (TVE) equal to or greater than ±90 m (±300 ft); (ii) altimeter system error (ASE) equal to or greater than ±75 m (±245 ft); and (iii) assigned altitude deviation equal to or greater than ±90 m (±300 ft). Height keeping errors fall into two broad categories: - errors caused by malfunction of aircraft equipment; and - operational errors. (2) An operator that consistently experiences errors in either category should have approval for RVSM operations suspended or revoked. If a problem is identified that is related to one specific aircraft type, then RVSM approval may be suspended or revoked for that specific type within that operator's fleet. (3) Operators’ actions: The operator should make an effective, timely response to each height keeping error. The competent authority may consider suspending or revoking RVSM approval if the operator's responses to height keeping errors are not effective or timely. The competent authority should consider the operator's past performance record in determining the action to be taken. (4) Reinstatement of approval: The operator should satisfy the competent authority that the causes of height keeping errors are understood and have been eliminated and that the operator's RVSM programmes and procedures are effective. At its discretion and to restore confidence, the competent authority may require an independent height monitoring check of affected aircraft to be performed. GM1 ARO.OPS.205 Minimum equipment list approval EXTENSION OF RECTIFICATION INTERVALS The competent authority should verify that the operator does not use the extension of rectification intervals as a means to reduce or eliminate the need to rectify MEL defects in accordance with the established category limit. The extension of rectification intervals should only be considered valid and justifiable when events beyond the operator’s control have precluded rectification. GM1 ARO.OPS.210 Determination of local area GENERAL The local area should reflect the local environment and operating conditions. AMC1 ARO.OPS.215 Approval of helicopter operations over a hostile environment located outside a congested area APPROVALS THAT REQUIRE ENDORSEMENT (a) Whenever the operator applies for an approval in accordance with CAT.POL.H.420 for which an endorsement from another State is required, the competent authority should only grant the approval once endorsement of that other State has been received. (b) The Operations Specification should be amended to include those areas for which endorsement was received. AMC2 ARO.OPS.215 Approval of helicopter operations over a hostile environment located outside a congested area ENDORSEMENT BY ANOTHER STATE (a) Whenever the operator applies for an endorsement to operate over hostile environment located outside a congested area in another State in accordance with CAT.POL.H.420, the competent authority of that other State should only grant the endorsement once it is satisfied that: (1) the safety risk assessment is appropriate to the area overflown; and (2) the operator’s substantiation that preclude the use of the appropriate performance criteria are appropriate for the area overflown. (b) The competent authority of that other State should inform the competent authority of the Member State responsible for issuing the approval. AMC1 ARO.OPS.220 Approval of helicopter operations to or from a public interest site APPROVALS THAT REQUIRE ENDORSEMENT Whenever the operator applies for an approval in accordance with CAT.POL.H.225 to conduct operations to or from a public interest site (PIS) for which an endorsement from another State is required, the competent authority should only grant such approval once endorsement of that other State has been received. AMC2 ARO.OPS.220 Approval of helicopter operations to or from a public interest site ENDORSEMENT BY ANOTHER STATE (a) Whenever the operator applies for an endorsement to operate to/from a public interest site in another State in accordance with CAT.POL.H.225, the competent authority of that other State should only grant the endorsement once it is satisfied that: (1) the conditions of CAT.POL.H.225 (a)(1) through (5) can be met by the operator at those sites for which endorsement is requested; and (2) the operations manual includes the procedures to comply with CAT.POL.H.225 (b) for these sites for which endorsement is requested. (b) The competent authority of that other State should inform the competent authority of the Member State responsible for issuing the approval. GM1 ARO.OPS.225 Approval of operations to an isolated aerodrome GENERAL The use of an isolated aerodrome exposes the aircraft and passengers to a greater risk than to operations where a destination alternate aerodrome is available. Whether an aerodrome is classified as an isolated aerodrome or not often depends on which aircraft are used for operating the aerodrome. The competent authority should therefore assess whether all possible means are applied to mitigate the greater risk. Subpart RAMP – Ramp inspections of aircraft of operators under the regulatory oversight of another state AMC1 ARO.RAMP.100 General RAMP INSPECTIONS (a) The ramp inspection should normally be performed during a turn-around. (b) In addition to the applicable requirements, when inspecting the technical condition of the aircraft, it should be checked against the aircraft manufacturer’s standard. AMC1 ARO.RAMP.100(b) General SUSPECTED AIRCRAFT In determining whether an aircraft is suspected of not being compliant with the applicable requirements the following should be taken into account: (a) information regarding poor maintenance of, or obvious damage or defects to an aircraft; (b) reports that an aircraft has performed abnormal manoeuvres that give rise to serious safety concerns in the airspace of a Member State; (c) a previous ramp inspection that has revealed deficiencies indicating that the aircraft does not comply with the applicable requirements and where the competent authority suspects that these deficiencies have not been corrected; (d) evidence that the State in which an aircraft is registered is not exercising proper safety oversight; or (e) concerns about the operator of the aircraft that have arisen from occurrence reporting information and non-compliances recorded in a ramp inspection report on any other aircraft used by that operator. AMC1 ARO.RAMP.100(c)(1) General ANNUAL PROGRAMME (a) Calculation methodology The competent authority should calculate the number of points to be achieved in the st following year. The number of points should be submitted to the Agency before the 1 of September prior to the year for which the points apply. For this purpose the following formula should be used: Q = (Opr≥12) +(0.2*Opr<12)+ (0.001*Lnd), where: ‘Q’ = annual quota; ‘Opr≥12’ is the number of operators whose aircraft have landed in the previous year at aerodromes located in the Member State at least 12 times; ‘Opr<12’ is the number of operators whose aircraft have landed in the previous year at aerodromes in the territory of the Member State less than 12 times; ‘Lnd’ is the number of landings performed by those operators’ aircraft at aerodromes located in the Member State in the previous year. (b) Inspections should be valued differently in accordance with the following criteria: (1) prioritised ramp inspections and the first inspection of a new operator conducted on an aerodrome located within a radius ≤ 250 km from the competent authority’s main office have a value of 1.5 points; (2) prioritised ramp inspections and the first inspection of a new operator conducted on an aerodrome located within a radius > 250 km from the competent authority’s main office have a value of 2.25 points; (3) inspections conducted between the hours of 20:00 and 06:00 local time, during weekends or national holidays have a value of 1.25 points; (4) inspections conducted on operators for which the previous inspection was performed more than 8 weeks before have a value of 1.25 points; (5) any other inspections have a value of 1 point; and (6) for specific circumstances falling under two or more of the above situations, the above-mentioned factors may be combined by multiplication (e.g. prioritised inspection performed at an airport located at 600 km from the main office, during the weekend on an operator that was not inspected over the last 3 months will have a value of: 2.25 * 1.25 * 1.25 = 3,52 points). GM1 ARO.RAMP.100(c)(1) General NUMBER OF INSPECTION POINTS The quotation is a statistical assumption only and does not necessarily mean that operators in the group ‘Opr≥12’ always need to be inspected. As deemed necessary by the inspecting authorities, operators may be inspected more than once (taking into account AMC2 ARO.GEN.305(b)(1) whilst sticking to the calculated number of points; as a result, some operators might not be inspected in any given year. GM1 ARO.RAMP.105(b)(2)(i) Prioritisation criteria LIST OF OPERATORS The list of operators may include aircraft of operators or aircraft that have been withdrawn from the list of air carriers subject to an operating ban within the EU, as established by

text: Regulation (EC) No 2111/2005

text: of the European Parliament and of the Council . AMC1 ARO.RAMP.110 Collection of information COLLECTION OF INFORMATION The information should include: (a) important safety information available, in particular, through: (1) pilot reports; (2) maintenance organisation report; (3) incident reports; (4) reports from other organisations, independent from the inspection authorities; and (5) complaints. (b) information on action(s) taken subsequent to a ramp inspection, such as: (1) aircraft grounded; (2) aircraft or operator banned from a Member State pursuant to

text: Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 2111/2005

text: or banned from the EU; (3) corrective action required; (4) contacts with the operator's competent authority; and (5) restrictions on flight operations. (c) follow-up information concerning the operator, such as: OJ L 344, 27.12.2005, p. 15. (1) implementation of corrective action(s); and (2) recurrence of non-compliance. AMC1 ARO.RAMP.115(a) Qualification of ramp inspectors BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE The background knowledge and/or working experience of the inspector determines the privileges of the inspector. The competent authority should determine what the inspector is entitled to inspect taking into account the following considerations: (a) background knowledge; (b) working experience; and (c) interrelation of the inspection item with other disciplines (e.g. a former cabin crew member may require additional training on minimum equipment list (MEL) issues before being considered eligible for inspection of safety items in the cabin). AMC1 ARO.RAMP.115(b)(1) Qualification of ramp inspectors ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA (a) The candidate should be considered eligible to become a ramp inspector provided he/she meets the following criteria: (1) has good knowledge of the English language; and (2) education and experience over the previous 5 years in accordance with one of the following items: (i) has successfully completed post-secondary education with a duration of at least 3 years and after that at least 2 years aeronautical experience in the field of aircraft operations or maintenance, or personnel licensing; (ii) has or has had a commercial/airline transport pilot licence and preferably carried out such duties for at least 2 years; (iii) has or has had a flight engineer licence and preferably carried out such duties for at least 2 years; (iv) has been a cabin crew member and preferably carried out such duties in commercial air transport for at least 2 years; (v) has been licensed as maintenance personnel and preferably exercised the privileges of such licence for at least 2 years; (vi) has successfully completed professional training in the field of air transport of dangerous goods and preferably after that at least 2 years experience in this field; or (vii) has successfully completed post-secondary aeronautical education with a duration of at least 2 years. AMC1 ARO.RAMP.115(b)(2) Qualification of ramp inspectors SENIOR RAMP INSPECTORS (a) The competent authority should appoint senior ramp inspectors provided they meet the qualification criteria established by that competent authority. These qualification criteria should contain at least the following requirements: (1) the appointee has been a qualified ramp inspector over the 3 years prior to his/her appointment; (2) the appointee has performed a minimum of 72 ramp inspections during the 36 months prior to the appointment, evenly spread over this period; and (3) the senior ramp inspector will remain qualified only if performing at least 24 ramp inspections during any 12 months period after his/her initial qualification. (b) If the competent authority does not have senior ramp inspectors to conduct on-the-job training, such training should be performed by a senior ramp inspector from another State, either in the competent authority of the trainee or in the competent authority of the senior ramp inspector. (c) Additional factors to be considered when nominating senior ramp inspectors include knowledge of training techniques, professionalism, maturity, judgment, integrity, safety awareness, communication skills, personal standards of performance and a commitment to quality. (d) If a senior ramp inspector should lose his/her qualification as a result of failure to reach the minimum number of inspections mentioned in ARO.RAMP.115 (b)(3), he/she should be requalified by the Member State authority by performing at least four inspections under the supervision of a senior ramp inspector, within a maximum period of 2 months. (e) Senior ramp inspectors, like any other inspectors, should also receive recurrent training according to the frequency mentioned in AMC1-ARO.RAMP.115(b)(3). AMC2 ARO.RAMP.115(b)(2) Qualification of ramp inspectors SCOPE AND DURATION OF INITIAL TRAINING Initial training should encompass: - initial theoretical training, - practical training, - and on-the-job training. (a) Initial theoretical training (1) The scope of the initial theoretical training is to familiarise the inspectors with the framework and the European dimension of the Ramp Inspection Programme, and with the common inspection, finding categorisation, reporting and follow-up procedures. The primary scope of the theoretical training is not the transfer of technical (operational, airworthiness, etc.) knowledge. The trainees should possess such knowledge, either from previous work experience or through specialised training, prior to attending the theoretical course. The duration of the initial theoretical training should be no less than 3 training days. (2) In case an integrated course is delivered (consisting of both the transfer of technical knowledge and specific ramp inspection information), the duration of the course should be extended accordingly. (3) The initial theoretical training shall be conducted in accordance with the syllabus in AMC1 ARO.RAMP.115(b)(2)(i). (b) Practical training (1) The scope of practical training is to instruct on inspection techniques and specific areas of attention without any interference with the flight crew. Preferably, this should be done in a non-operational environment (e.g. on an aircraft in a maintenance hangar). Alternatively, aircraft with an adequate turnaround time may be used. In the latter case the flight and/or ground crew should be informed about the training character of the inspection. (2) The duration of the practical training should be no less than 1 training day. The competent authority may decide to lengthen the training based on the level of expertise of the attendees. Practical training may be split into several sessions provided an adequate training tracking system is in place. (3) The practical training should be conducted in accordance with the syllabus in AMC2- ARO RAMP.115(b)(2)(i). ON-THE-JOB TRAINING (c) Scope of on-the-job training (1) The objective of the on-the-job training should be to familiarise the trainees with the particularities of performing a ramp inspection in a real, operational environment. The competent authority should ensure that on-the-job training is undertaken only by trainees that have successfully completed theoretical and practical training. (2) The competent authority should ensure that the area of expertise of the trainee is compatible with the one of the senior ramp inspector delivering on-the-job training. (3) When selecting the operators to be inspected during the on-the-job training programme, the senior ramp inspector should ensure: (i) that the training can be performed on a sufficient level but without undue hindrance or delay of the inspected operator; and (ii) that the ramp inspections are conducted on different operators (i.e., EU operators, third country operators), different aircraft types and aircraft configurations (i.e., jet and propeller aircraft, single aisle and wide-body aeroplanes, passenger operations and cargo operations), different types of operations (i.e., commercial operations and general aviation, etc., long-haul and short-haul operations). (4) On-the-job training should comprise two phases: (i) observing inspector: during this phase the trainee should accompany and observe the senior ramp inspector when performing a series of ramp inspections (including the preparation of the inspection and post-inspection activities: reporting, follow-up); and (ii) inspector under supervision: during this phase the trainee should gradually start to perform ramp inspections under the supervision and guidance of the senior ramp inspector. (d) Duration and conduct of on-the-job training (1) The duration of the on-the-job training should be customised to the particular training needs of every trainee. As a minimum, the on-the-job training programme should contain at least six observed ramp inspections and six ramp inspections performed under the supervision of the senior ramp inspector, over a period of a maximum of 6 months. In general, on-the-job training should start as soon as possible after the completion of the practical training and cover all inspection items that the inspector will be privileged to inspect. The on-the-job training may be given by more than one senior ramp inspector. In such cases appropriate records should be maintained for each trainee documenting the training received (when the trainee is observing the inspection) and his/her ability to effectively perform ramp inspections (under supervision). For this purpose, the senior ramp inspector should use a checklist containing the applicable elements presented in GM2 ARO.RAMP.115(c). (2) Before starting on-the-job training the trainee should be briefed with regard to the general objectives and working methods of the training. (3) Before every inspection the trainee should be briefed with regard to the particular objectives and lessons to be learned during this inspection. (4) After every day of inspection the trainee should be debriefed with regard to his/her performance and progress and areas where improvement is needed. (e) Elements to be covered during the on-the-job training On-the-job training should address the following elements However, some of the situations described below do not happen very often (i.e. grounding of an aircraft) and should, therefore, be presented by the senior ramp inspector during one of the debriefings. (1) Preparation of an inspection: (i) use of the centralised database to prepare an inspection; (ii) other sources of information (such as passenger complaints, maintenance organisation reports, air traffic control (ATC) reports; (iii) areas of concern and/or open findings; (iv) retrieval of updated reference materials: Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs), navigation and weather charts; (v) selection of operator(s) to be inspected (oversight programme, priority list); (vi) task allocation among members of a ramp inspection team; and (vii) daily/weekly/monthly ramp inspection schedule. (2) Administrative issues: (i) ramp inspector’s credentials, rights and obligations; (ii) special urgency procedures (if any); (iii) national (local) aerodrome access procedures; (iv) safety and security airside procedures; and (v) ramp inspector kit (electric torch, fluorescent vest, ear plugs, digital camera, checklists, etc.). (3) Cooperation with airport and air navigation services to obtain actual flight information, parking position, time of departure, etc. (4) Ramp inspection: (i) introduction to the pilot-in-command/commander, flight crew, cabin crew, ground crew; (ii) inspection items: according to the area of expertise of the trainee; (iii) findings (identification, categorisation, reporting, evidencing); (iv) corrective actions – class 2; (v) corrective actions – class 3: (A) Class 3a) enforcement of restriction(s) on aircraft flight operations (cooperation with other services/authorities to enforce a restriction); (B) Class 3b) request of an immediate corrective action(s), satisfactory completion of an immediate corrective action; (C) Class 3c) grounding of an aircraft: notification of the grounding decision to the aircraft commander; national procedures to prevent the departure of a grounded aircraft; communication with the State of operator/registry; (vi) Proof of Inspection: (A) completion and delivery of the Proof of Inspection report; and (B) request of acknowledgement of receipt (document or a refusal to sign) (5) Human factors elements: (i) cultural aspects; (ii) resolution of disagreements and/or conflicts; and (iii) crew stress. (f) Assessment of trainees The assessment of the trainee should be done by the senior ramp inspector while the trainee is performing ramp inspections under supervision. The trainee should be considered to have successfully completed the on-the-job training only after demonstrating to the senior ramp inspector that he/she possess the professional capacity, knowledge, judgment and ability to perform ramp inspections in accordance with the requirements of this Subpart. AMC3 ARO.RAMP.115(b)(2) Qualification of ramp inspectors QUALIFICATION OF THE INSPECTOR AFTER SUCCESSFUL COMPLETION OF TRAINING Qualification of the inspector after successful completion of training (a) Successful completion of theoretical training should be demonstrated by passing an evaluation by the competent authority or by the approved training organisation. (b) Successful completion of practical and on–the-job training should be assessed by the senior ramp inspector providing on-the-job training, through evaluation of the trainee’s ability to effectively perform ramp inspections in an operational environment. (c) The competent authority should issue a formal qualification statement for each qualified inspector listing the inspecting privileges. (d) The background knowledge and working experience of the inspector should determine the privileges of the inspector (the scope of his/her inspection; what he/she is entitled to inspect). The numerous varieties in backgrounds of the candidate inspectors make it impossible to issue a full set of templates showing the background-privileges relation. It is, therefore, up to the competent authority to determine the eligibility and the related privileges for the inspector, whereby the following should be considered: (1) background knowledge; (2) working experience; and (3) interrelation of the inspection item with other disciplines (e.g. former cabin crew member may require additional training on MEL issues before being considered eligible for safety items in the cabin). (e) The competent authority should issue the qualification statement only after the candidate has successfully completed the theoretical, practical and on-the-job-training. (f) The competent authority should put in place a system that will ensure that their inspectors meet at all times the qualification criteria with regard to eligibility, training and recent experience. AMC4 ARO.RAMP.115(b)(2) Qualification of ramp inspectors CHECKLIST ON-THE-JOB TRAINING OF INSPECTORS

text: On-the-Job Training of Ramp Inspection Inspectors

text: Competent Authority Senior ramp inspector: Name of trainee: Place: Date: Ramp Inspection Number: Operator: A/C Registration: A/C Type:

text: Obser- Under A Flight deck Check: (Description/ notes) vation Supervision

text: General

text:  inappropriately pulled circuit □ □ breakers  reinforced flight crew compartment door, if required 1 General condition  crew baggage  flight crew seats  emergency exits (serviceability)  escape ropes (secured or not)

text: Note:

text:  Are exits serviceable (if not, check □ □ MEL limitations) 2 Emergency exit  Possible obstacles

text: Note:

text: ACAS/TCAS II: □ □  Presence  System test/passed 8.33 kHz: (if required)  Radio channel spacing RNAV:  Authorisation to perform operations 3 Equipment in RNAV airspace. GPWS/TAWS:  presence  TAWS/SRPBZ for forward looking terrain avoidance function  System test (if possible) MNPS  Special authorisation

text: Note:

text: Documentation

text:  Presence of the applicable parts of □ □ the operations manual  Up-to-date  Competent authority approval where applicable content (complies with the requirements) 4 Manuals  Presence of aircraft flight manual / performance data  Differences regarding manuals of aircraft of ex-Soviet design (e.g. Rukowodstwo.

text: Note:

text:  Available/within reach □ □  Tidiness/cleanness  Normal  Abnormal  Emergency  Up-to-date/not for training, etc.

text: 5 Checklists

text:  Content (compliance with the operator procedures)  Appropriate for aircraft configuration being used

text: Note:

text:  Presence of instrument approach □ □ charts (available/within reach/ up-todate) Radio navigation/  Presence of en-route charts

text: 6 instrument charts

text: (available/within reach/up-to-date)  Route covering

text: Note:

text:  Availability/within reach  Up-to-date/less restrictive than MMEL  Does content reflect aircraft’s equipment

text: Minimum equipment

text: 7  Possible deferred defects/ accordance

text: list

text: with instructions  Possible use of MMEL  Rukowodstwo (check when possible)

text: Note:

text:  On-board □ □  Accuracy (Reg. mark, A/C type and S/N) Certificate of  Format

text: registration  English translation when needed  Identification plate (S/N)

text: Note:

text:  On-board □ □  Approval (state of registry)

text: 9 Noise certificate Note:

text:  Accuracy □ □  Content (operator identification, validity, date of issue, A/C type, OPS

text: 10 AOC or equivalent

text: SPECS)

text: Note:

text:  On-board  Accuracy with installed equipment

text: 11 Radio licence Note:

text:  On-board (original or certified true □ □ Certificate of copy) 12 airworthiness (C of  Accuracy A)  Validity

text: Note:

text: Flight data

text:  Operational flight plan on board □ □  Proper filling  Signed by pilot-incommand/commander (and where applicable, Dispatch)  Fuel calculation

text: 13 Flight preparation

text:  Fuel monitoring/management  NOTAMs  Updated meteorological information  Letter Y in flight plan

text: Note:

text:  On-board □ □  Accuracy (calculations/ limits)  Pilots acceptance

text: Mass and balance

text: 14  Load and trim sheet/ actual load

text: calculation

text: distribution

text: Note:

text: Safety equipment

text:  On-board □ □  Condition/pressure indicator  Mounting (secured) Hand fire  Expiry date (if any)

text: extinguishers  Access  Sufficient number

text: Note:

text:  On-board □ □  Access/within reach Life  Condition 16 jackets/flotation  Expiry date (where applicable) devices  Sufficient number

text: Note:

text:  On-board (no seatbelt) □ □  Condition  Sufficient number (one for each

text: 17 Harness

text: crew member)

text: Note:

text:  On-board □ □  Condition  Cylinder pressure (minimum acc. to operations manual)  Ask crew to perform the operational

text: 18 Oxygen equipment

text: function check of combined oxygen and communication system  Follow practice of the flight crew

text: Note:

text:  On-board □ □  Appropriate quantities  Condition  Serviceability

text: Independent

text: 19  Access/within reach

text: Portable light

text:  The need for an independent portable light (departure or arrival at night time)

text: Note:

text: Flight crew

text:  On-board □ □  Form/content/English translation when needed  Validity  Ratings (appropriate type) (pilot-incommand (PIC)/ATPL)  Pilots’ age

text: Flight crew

text: 20  Possible difference with ICAO Annex

text: licence/composition

text: 1 (concerning the age of pilots)  In case of validation (all documents needed)  Medical assessment/ check interval  Spare eye glasses if applicable

text: Note:

text: Journey log book / Technical log or equivalent

text:  On-board □ □  Content

text: Journey log book or

text: 21  Filling (carefully and properly)

text: equivalent Note:

text:  Validity  When need of maintenance, technical log has been complied with  When ETOPS, requirement are met Maintenance  Signed off

text: release  Verify that maintenance release has not expired  Ex-Soviet built A/C

text: Note:

text:  Number of deferred defects □ □  All defects been notified  Defect deferments include time limits and comply with the stated time limits

text: Defect notification

text: 23  All the defects are notified

text: and rectification

text:  Technical log markings (should be understandable by captain)  Ex-Soviet built A/C

text: Note:

text:  Performed (inbound/ outbound flight)  Signed off

text: 24 Pre-flight inspection

text: Note:

text: B Cabin Safety

text:  General condition  Possible loose carpets  Possible loose or damaged floor panels  Possible loose or damaged wall panels  Seats  Markings of unserviceable seats

text: General internal  Lavatories

text: condition  Lavatory smoke detectors  Safety and survival equipment (shall be reliable, readily accessible and easily identified. Instructions for operation shall be clearly marked)  Possible obstacles to perform normal and abnormal duties

text: Note:

text:  Presence of cabin crew seats and compliance with the requirement  Sufficient number  Condition (seatbelt, harness)

text: Cabin crew stations  Emergency equipment (independent

text: and crew rest area portable light, fire extinguishers, portable breathing equipment …)  Cabin preparation list

text: Note:

text:  On-board □ □  Condition  Expiry date  Location (as indicated)

text: First-aid kit/

text:  Identification

text: 3 emergency medical

text:  Adequacy

text: kit

text:  Access  Operating instructions (clear)

text: Note:

text:  On-board □ □  Condition (pressure indicator)

text: Hand fire

text: 4  Expiry date (if available)

text: extinguishers

text:  Mounting and access  Number

text: Note:

text:  On-board □ □  Easy access Life jackets/  Condition

text: flotation devices  Expiry dates as applicable  Sufficient number  Infant vest

text: Note □ □

text:  On-board  Sufficient number  Condition

text: Seat belt and seat

text: 6  Availability of extension belts

text: condition

text:  Cabin seats (verify the condition)  If unserviceable check U/S-tag.  Restraint bars

text: Note:

text:  Emergency exits (condition) □ □  Emergency exit signs/ presence (condition)  Operation instructions (markings and passenger emergency briefing cards) Emergency exit,  Floor path markings (ask to switch on). lightning and Possible malfunction/MEL 7 marking,  Lighting independent  Independent Portable light and batteries portable light (condition)  Sufficient number of Independent Portable light (night operations)  Availability on each cabin attendant’s station.

text: Note:

text:  Slides on-board □ □  Condition  Expiry date  Sufficient number

text: Slides/life-rafts (as

text: 8  Location and mounting

text: required), ELT

text:  Bottle pressure gauge  ELT on board  ELT (condition and date)

text: Note:

text:  Presence  Sufficient quantity of masks (cabin crew and passengers)  Drop-out panels are free to fall

text: Oxygen supply

text:  Passenger instructions (passenger

text: 9 (cabin crew and

text: emergency briefing cards)

text: passengers)

text:  Portable cylinder supply and medical oxygen, check pressure and mounting

text: Note:

text:  On-board  Tidiness  Accuracy/content (A/C type)  Sufficient numbers (passenger emergency briefing card for each

text: 10 Safety instructions

text: passenger)  Cards for flight crew (check emergency equipment locations)

text: Note:

text:  General overview of cabin crew (conditions)  The sufficient number of cabin crew (appropriate) Cabin crew  How the duty stations are manned

text: members  Follow practice of the cabin crew  When refuelling with passengers onboard check procedures

text: Note:

text:  Access areas  Possible obstacles for evacuation Access to (foldable jump seat or seat backrest

text: emergency exits table)

text: Note:

text:  Hand baggage storages in cabin  Size of hand baggage  Quantity of hand baggage

text: Stowage of

text: 13  Weight of hand baggage

text: passenger baggage

text:  Placed under seat (restraint bar)

text: Note:

text:  Number of passengers/ permitted  Sufficient seat capacity

text: 14 Seat capacity

text: Note:

text: C Aircraft condition

text:  Radom (latches/painting) □ □  Windshields  Wipers  Static ports/areas  AoA probes General external  Pitot tubes

text: condition  TAT probe  Crew oxygen discharge indicator (if exist)  Ground power connection (condition)  Wings (general condition, ice/snow contamination )

text:  Fairings  Leading edge (dents)  Winglets  Trailing edge/static dischargers  Look for hydraulic leaks  Look for fuel leak  Fuselage  Tail section/static dischargers  APU cooling air inlet  APU exhaust air/surge  Look at APU area for leaks  Tail bumper (contact markings)  Maintenance and service panels (water/waste/hydraulic maintenance panels/refuel panels/cargo door control panel/RAT door)  Cabin windows  Exterior lights  Painting (condition)  Cleanliness  Markings/operational instructions and registration  Obvious repairs  Obvious damage

text: Note:

text:  Passenger doors (condition) □ □  Emergency exits (condition)  Cargo doors (condition)  Avionics compartment doors (condition)  Accessory compartment doors 2 Doors and hatches (condition)  Operation instructions of all doors  Lubrications of all doors  Door seals  Handles

text: Note: □ □

text:  Ailerons (condition)  Slats/Krueger flaps/Notch flap (condition)  Spoiler panels (condition)  Flaps/track fairings (condition)  Rudder (condition) 3 Flight controls  Elevators (condition)  Stabiliser (condition)

text: Note! Check for leaks, flap drooping, wearing, corrosion, disbonding, dents, loose fittings and obvious damages.

text: Note: □ □

text:  Wheels (assy condition, bolts and paint markings)  Tires (condition and pressure). Check for cuts, groove cracks, worn out shoulders, blister, bulges, flat spots)  Worn tire areas (measure the tread

text: Wheels, tyres and

text: 4 depth)

text: brakes

text:  If cuts measure depth  Brakes (condition, wearing pins)  Measure and familiarise length of the pin/check for the limits.

text: Note:

text:  Landing gear/hinges (general □ □ condition/leaks)  Struts  Locking mechanisms  Hydraulic (or pneumatic) lines (condition)  Strut pressure (visual check/piston length)  Lubrication  Electric lines and plugs.  Bonding

text: 5 Undercarriage

text:  Cleanliness  FOD (foreign object damage)  Surface (plasma) and paintings  Check for corrosion  Placards and markings (nitrogen pressure table)  Dampers and bogie cylinders (check for leaks)  Landing gear strut doors

text: Use independent portable light and mirror

text: Note:

text:  General condition (structures) □ □  Possible corrosion  Cleanliness  Installations (wiring, piping, hoses,

text: 6 Wheel well

text: hydraulic containers and devices)  Check for leaks  Wheel well doors (hinges)  Check for maintenance safety pins

text: Note:

text:  Air intake ring (general condition/inner □ □ skin and acoustic panels)  Engine cowlings (panels aligned, handles aligned, vortex generators/access doors)  Intake area fasteners  Sensors  Thrust reverses (ring and inner doors Powerplant and or thrust reverser doors)

text: pylon  Reverser duct inner skin and acoustic panels  Outlet guide vanes (from behind/reverser duct)  Exhaust barrel (inner and outer skin)  Drain mast/leaks  Pylons (sealants, panels, doors and blow-out-doors, possible leaks)

text: Note:

text:  Fan blades: general condition (check □ □ for foreign object damage, cracks, nicks, cuts, corrosion and erosion)  Fan blade: o Leading edge o Mid-span shroud (no stacked) Fan blades, o Tip 8 propellers, rotors o Contour surface (main/tail) o Root area o platform

text: Note! Wait until rotation stop! Use independent portable light and mirror for

text: the backside of the blades.  Spinner (damages/bolts)  Fan outlet vanes (thorough the fan)

text:  FOD (foreign object damage)  Split fairing  Blades (general condition)  Tip and mid area (75 % from root)  (Check for nicks, dents, cracks, leakages and …)  Hub/spinner  Looseness of blades in hub

text: Note:

text:  During the inspection of C-items notify □ □ unusual design and repairs obviously

text: 9 Obvious repairs

text: not carried out in accordance with the applicable AMM/SRM

text: Note:

text:  During the inspection of C-items notify □ □ unassessed and unrecorded damages Obvious unrepaired and corrosion (lightning strike, bird

text: damages strikes, FODs, etc…)  Check damage charts

text: Note:

text:  During the inspection of C-items notify □ □ all the leaks:  Fuel leaks  Hydraulic leaks  Toilet liquid leaks  When leak: measure the leak rate and

text: 11 Leakage

text: check the leak rates from AMM etc. if it is allowable and within normal operation limits or not.  Wear eye protection and use proper inspection gears for inspection

text: Note:

text: D Cargo

text:  Cleanliness □ □  Lightning  Fire protection/detection/ extinguishing systems and smoke detectors  Floor panels General  Wall panels/markings 1 condition of cargo  Blow-out-panels compartment  Ceilings  Wall and ceiling panel sealants  Cargo nets/door nets  Fire extinguishers  Cargo roller and driving system and control panel

text: Note:

text:  Operations manual/ information □ □ required by ICAO Annex 18  Technical Instructions (ICAO Doc. 9284-AN/905) are applied If dangerous goods on-board:  Pilots’ notification  Stowing of dangerous goods cargo

text: 2 Dangerous goods

text:  Packaging (condition, leaks, damage)  Labelling If leak or damage of dangerous goods cargo:  Condition of other cargo  Follow removal  Follow cleaning of contamination.

text: Note:

text:  Load distribution (floor limits, pallets □ □ and containers/maximum gross weight)  Flight kit/spare wheel/ ladders (secured)  Cargo (secured)  Condition and presence of:  Lockers

text: Secure stowage of

text: 3  Restraints

text: cargo

text:  Pallets  Nets  Straps  Containers  Container locks on the floor  Heavy items securing inside containers

text: Note: □ □

text: E General

text: 1 General Note: □ □

text: Additional elements (O) observed/performed (P) during On the Job Training (Please List) Assessment - Was the inspection carried out in a satisfactory manner regarding: - preparation of the inspection □ Yes □ No (provide further details below*) - ramp inspection □ Yes □ No (provide further details below*) - proof of inspection □ Yes □ No (provide further details below*) - human factors elements □ Yes □ No (provide further details below*) - Further training needed: Additional Remarks:* Signature of the trainee: Signature of the senior ramp inspector: GM1 ARO.RAMP.115(b)(2) Qualification of inspectors PRIVILEGES OF EXPERIENCED INSPECTORS (a) The following example shows the typical privileges of an experienced commercial pilot licence/airline transport pilot licence (CPL/ATPL) holder and of an experienced aircraft maintenance engineer: Example: Typical inspection privileges of a CPL/ATPL holder could include the following inspection checklist items in Appendices III and IV of this section: A items B Items C items D1/D3 items Typical inspection privileges of an aircraft maintenance licence (AML) holder could include the following inspection checklist items: A items except for A3, A4, A5, A6, A13, A14, A20 B items except for B11, B14 C items D1 items (b) The competent authority may decide to enlarge the privileges of the inspector if the basic knowledge of the inspector has been satisfactory enlarged by additional theoretical trainings and/or practical trainings. This may require the subsequent following of the relevant module of the ramp inspection training in order to obtain the necessary knowledge to exercise that new privilege. As an example: if an AML holder has acquired knowledge on the operational items of the “A” section (flight crew compartment items) of the checklist (e.g. because he/she obtained his/her CPL), the privileges may be expanded. He/she should be required, however, to receive the theoretical, practical and on-the-job training on how to inspect those new items. Considering that the inspector is already qualified, the OJT could: (1) be performed in a class room environment using various (representative) examples when no aircraft is required for the training. E.g.: normally the interaction with the flight crew is part of the OJT. However, if the inspector is privileged on other A-items on the checklist and therefore familiar with interviewing the flight crew in the flight crew compartment, the OJT of inspection items A13 and A14 could be done in a classroom; or (2) be limited in terms of number of inspections depending on the number of new inspection items to be trained; the minimum number of OJT inspections as described in AMC2-ARO.RAMP 115(b)(2) point (d)(1) does not apply since the number of 6 observer and 6 supervised inspections is aiming at a 50 % average coverage of all inspection items during these inspections. For the limited OJT, the number of inspections should be reasonable and should be determined by the senior inspector whereby the new items should be inspected at least 3 times as an observer and 3 times under supervision. AMC1 ARO.RAMP.115(b)(2)(i) Qualification of ramp inspectors SYLLABUS OF THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE FOR RAMP INSPECTORS - INITIAL (THEORETICAL) TRAINING COURSE - Module (GEN): GENERAL OVERVIEW (legal) - Module (A): Flight crew compartment inspection items - Module (B): Cabin safety inspection items - Module (C): Aircraft condition inspection items - Module (D): Cargo inspection items

text: MODULE (GEN)

text: a. OVERVIEW OF THE SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF AIRCRAFT

text: i. Introduction Objectives:  The Ramp Inspection Programme Overview 1. Trainees should know the  Role and responsibilities of the Agency - Overview background of the EU Ramp Inspection Programme ii. The EU Ramp Inspection programme - ICAO basic 2. Trainees should be able to references identify the main elements of the  ICAO convention Programme  Annex 1 – Personnel Licensing 3. Trainees should understand the  Annex 6 – Operations of Aircraft role of ramp inspections in the  Annex 8 – Airworthiness of Aircraft - Main features general safety oversight context  Application by all participating States  Dissemination of inspection results  Bottom-up approach  Focused attention  Compliance with ICAO standards

text: iii. Principles of the EU Ramp Inspection Programme  EU Member State Role  States on safety assessment of foreign aircraft (SAFA) working arrangements with the Agency  Common procedures and common reporting format  The centralised data base –introduction  The legal obligation to inspect

text: iv. The European Commission  Role and responsibility  Legislative power

text: v. The European Aviation Safety Agency  Role and responsibilities  The executive tasks  Collection of inspection reports  Maintenance of the centralised database  Analysis of relevant information  Reporting to European Commission and Member States  Advising the European Commission and Member States on follow-up actions  Developing training programmes and fostering the organisation and implementation of training courses and workshops

text: vi. EU and non-EU Member States  Role and responsibilities  EU Member States  Non-EU States that have signed the Working Arrangement

text: vii. Eurocontrol  Role and responsibilities

text: viii. The Air Safety Committee – (ASC)  Role and responsibilities  Representation of EU Member States  Legislative advisory role

text: ix. The European SAFA Steering Expert Group – (ESSG)  Role and responsibilities  Representation of EU Member States and non-EU Member States technical advisory role

text: b. THE EU ramp inspection programme’s legal framework

text: Objectives: i.

text: Regulation (EC) No 2111/2005

text: 1. Trainees should fully Scope and relevance understand the legal instruments of the ii.

text: Regulation (EC) No 474/2006

text: and subsequent amendments Programme Scope and relevance 2. Trainees should be able 

text: Regulation (EC) No 216/2008

text: – General overview to identify the 

text: Article 10

text: – oversight and enforcement stakeholders and their responsibilities 3. Trainees should be capable to define the relationship between the Ramp Inspection Programme and the EU List of Banned air carriers

text: c. The ICAO framework Objectives: i. International Requirements 1. Trainees should be  The Chicago Convention – general overview able to outline ICAO’s  The ICAO general overview role and  The Convention – key ramp inspection-related Articles responsibilities within 

text: Article 11

text: – Applicability of air regulations the international civil 

text: Article 12

text: – Rules of the air aviation context. 

text: Article 16

text: – Search of aircraft 2. Trainees should 

text: Article 29

text: – Documents carried on aircraft understand the 

text: Article 30

text: – Aircraft radio equipment obligations of the 

text: Article 31

text: – Certificate of airworthiness signatory States. 

text: Article 32

text: – Licences of personnel 3. Trainees should 

text: Article 33

text: – Recognition of certificates and licences understand the direct 

text: Article 37

text: – Adoption of international standards and relationship between recommended practices ICAO standards and 

text: Article 38

text: – Departures from international standards ramp inspection. and procedures 

text: Article 83

text: bis – Transfer of certain functions and duties ii. Ramp inspection (RI) and ICAO - Annex 7 (Aircraft Nationality and Registration Marks) – Overview

text: Commission Regulation (EC) No 474/2006 of 22 March 2006

text: establishing the Community list of air carriers which are subject to an operating ban within the Community referred to in Chapter II of

text: Regulation (EC) No 2111/2005

text: of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance), As last amended by

text: Commission Regulation (EC) No 619/2009 of 13 July 2009

text: , OJ L 182, 15.7.2009, p. 4–24.

text:  The Certificate of Registration  Example of Certificate of Registration  The identification plate iii. RI and ICAO - Annex 8 (Airworthiness of Aircraft) – Overview  Validity of the Certificate of Airworthiness  Standard form of Certificate of Airworthiness  Emergency exits, markings and lights  Safety and survival equipment iv. RI and ICAO - Annex 1 (Personnel Licensing) – Overview  General rules concerning licenses v. RI and ICAO - Annex 6 (Operation of Aircraft) - Overview  Part I, International commercial air transport aeroplanes  Part II, International general aviation aeroplanes  Part III, International operations helicopter vi. RI and ICAO - Annex 16 (Environmental Protection) – Overview  Noise Certificate (applicability to SAFA programme) RI and ICAO - Annex 18 (The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air)  Overview  Dangerous goods Technical Instructions for the safe transport of dangerous goods by air (Doc 9284) RI and ICAO Doc 7030 (Regional Supplementary procedures)  Overview  Applicability

text: d. Safety Assessment technical aspects overview

text: i. Preparation of the inspection

text: ii. Subjects of the inspection:  Aircraft used by third country operators or used by operators under the regulatory oversight of another Member State.  Technical considerations  Experience/feedback from previous checks  “Intelligence” (centralised database, ATC, passenger complaints, etc.)  Prioritisation

text: iii. Elements to be inspected:  In principle, all RI checklist items; but:  other considerations for a limited inspection:  Time available (stop duration, slot, no unreasonable delay)  Inspector privileges  Areas of concern (based upon previous checks and/or centralised database)  Context (recent/old aircraft, new airline, new type of aircraft)  Intelligence information

text: iv Planning the inspection:  Efficient use of the time available  Considerations for inspections on arrival or departure  Any day in a week, any time in a day

text: v. Short transit times:  Walk around check during off boarding  Segmented inspections

text: vi. Toolkit for the RI inspector:  Inspector’s documentation (RI procedures, regulations, updated reference material, etc.)  Inspector’s tools (vest, Independent Portable light, camera, telephone, protective personal equipment, etc.)  Inspector’s identification (authority ID, airport badge)  Airline documentation available

text: Vii. Teamwork:  Preferably two inspectors covering all fields of expertise  Briefing on task allocation

text: viii. The ramp inspection checklist:  Aspects to be covered by the ramp inspection  The ramp inspection checklist (format/structure and overview of contents)

text: ix. Starting the Inspection:  Introduction to the crew (flight crew/technical staff/airline representative/translator)  Determination of available inspection time  Explain that any operator is subject to inspections (ramp inspection principle)

text: x. Code of conduct:  Human factor principle (inspection = intrusion)  Cooperation with the crew  Time efficiency  Collection of evidence

text: xi. Categorisation of findings:  Definition of finding: Deviation from the standards  Category 3 finding with major influence on safety

text:  Category 2 finding with significant influence on safety  Category 1 finding with minor influence on safety

text: xii. Follow-up actions:  Relationship between finding and action  Class 1 action  Class 2 action  Class 3 actions

text: xiii. Concluding the inspection:  Debriefing of inspection results  Delivery of proof of inspection to the pilot-in-command/commander/airline representative/sub-contractors

text: e. Ramp inspection centralised database – Hands-on training

text: Objectives:  Purpose of the database 1. Trainees should have the  The database as inspectors’ tool relevant knowledge to input  RI database – input and retrieve data from the  RI database – output RI centralised database.  RI database – search 2. Trainees should know the  Focused inspection module analysis process and its  Follow-up actions: operator logging deliverables.  Database analytical tools and reports 3. Trainees should understand the analysis dependability on the accuracy of the inspection reports.

text: 2. MODULE (A)

text: a. RAMP INSPECTION ITEMS (A)

text: A1 general condition (flight crew compartment) Objectives:  Circuit breakers (C/B) (inappropriately Trainees should possess the relevant pulled/popped) knowledge enabling them to inspect each  Secure stowage of interior equipment (incl. baggage) item.  Crew seats (manual or electrical)  Security/reinforced flight crew compartment door  General condition of flight crew compartment

text: A2 Emergency Exit (flight crew compartment)

text:  Access (easy/no blockings)  Escape ropes (secured)  Emergency exits (flight crew compartment)

text: A3 Equipment

text:  Awareness of different design philosophies of A/C systems (BITE, message displays/status)  Proper functioning (system test)

text: GPWS - TAWS

text:  General (basic principles)  Forward looking terrain avoidance function (7channel SRPBZ ICAO compliant)  Presence of the equipment  Validity of GPWS database  System test - passed  CIS built A/C systems (SSOS, SPPZ and SRPBZ)

text: ACAS/TCAS II

text:  General (applicability and principles)  Mode S transponder and ACAS II (general)  System test

text: 8.33 kHz radio channel spacing

text:  Selection of an 8.33 kHz channel  Presence of 6 or 5 digits (132.055 or 32.055)  Letter Y in field 10 of the flight plan

text: RNAV – BRNAV - PRNAV

text:  General (applicability and principles)  Special authorisation  Required equipment  Flight planning and completion of the flight

text: RVSM

text: MNPS

text: A4 Manuals

text:  Operation manual (structure)  Aircraft flight manual (structure)  Competent Authority approval  Update status  Ex-Soviet-built aircraft Rukowodstwo or RLE  Electronic flight bag (EFB class 1, 2 and 3)  Content in relation to flight preparation

text: A5 Checklists

text:  Availability: within reach and update status  Compliance with operator procedures (normal, abnormal and emergency)  Appropriateness of checklist used (aircraft checklists)  A/C system integrated checklists  Ex-Soviet-built aircraft issues (pilot’s checklist and flight engineer’s checklist)

text: A6 Radio navigation/instrument charts

text:  Required charts (departure, en-route, destination and alternate):  within reach and update status  Validity of FMS database  Electronic maps and charts  The AIRAC Cycle

text: A7 Minimum equipment list (MEL)

text:  Availability: approval and update status  Content: MEL reflects installed equipments  Ex-Soviet-built aircraft: ‘Rukowodstwo’ content  Relationship MEL/Master MEL  CDL (configuration deviation list)

text: A8 Certificate of Registration

text:  Availability and accuracy  Original documents and certified copies acceptability  Presence of mandatory information on the certificate:  Identification plate (type – location)

text: A9 Noise certificate

text:  Availability (if applicable)  Multiple noise certification  Approval status

text: A10 AOC or equivalent

text:  Availability (original or copy) and accuracy  Content in compliance with requirements/format  Content of operational specifications

text: A11 Radio (station) license

text:  Availability and accuracy  Original documents and certified copies acceptability

text: A12 Certificate of Airworthiness (C of A)

text:  Format of Certificate of Airworthiness  Original documents and certified copies acceptability  Presence, accuracy and validity

text: A13 Flight preparation

text:  Presence and accuracy of operational flight plan  Performance calculations  Proper fuel calculation and monitoring  Special considerations for ETOPS operations  Availability and update of meteorological information  Availability and update of NOTAMS

text: A14 Mass and balance calculation

text:  Availability and accuracy  Data available for a verification by crew

text: A15 Hand fire extinguishers

text:  Validity, access and locations  Mounting  Types

text: A16 Life-jackets/flotation devices

text:  Validity, access and locations  Applicability

text: A17 Harness

text:  Presence (and usage)  Availability for all flight crew members  Requirements for different crew positions  Conditions (wearing)

text: A18 Oxygen equipment

text:  Presence, access and condition  Oxygen cylinder pressure  Minimum required according to the operations manual (in case of low pressure)  Operational functional check of the combined oxygen and communication system (crew)

text: A19 Independent portable light

text:  Number of required independent portable light(s) (day/night)  Condition, serviceability and access

text: A20 Flight crew licences

text:  Validity of crew licences and appropriate ratings  Validation of foreign licences  Validity of medical certificate  Special medical conditions (spare glasses, etc.)  Age limitations  Minimum crew requirements

text: A21 Journey Log book

text:  Content of journey log book (recommendation/roman numerals)  Examples of journey log books

text: A22 Maintenance Release

text:  Applicable requirements and duties of the PIC/ commander

text: A23 Defect notification and rectification (incl. technical log)

text:  Defects notification

text:  Cross check with MEL  History of defects/notification (incl. hold item list)

text: A24 Pre-flight inspection

text:  Applicable requirements and duties of the PIC

text: MODULE (B)

text: a. Ramp inspection items (b)

text: Objectives: B1 General internal condition Trainees should possess the  General condition relevant knowledge enabling  Safety and survival equipment them to inspect each item.  Design and construction

text: B2 Cabin Crew Stations and Crew Rest Area

text:  Cabin crew seats (number, material/fire resistant and condition, upright position/safety hazard)  Equipment

text: B3 First-aid kit/emergency medical kit

text:  Recommendation on contents (validity)  Locations of kits  Adequacy  Readily/access  Identifications/markings/seals

text: B4 Hand fire extinguishers

text: B5 Life-jackets/flotation devices

text:  Validity, access and locations  Applicability  Different models of jackets and/or flotation devices on-board  Instructions for passengers (written and demonstration)

text: B6 Seat belt and seat condition

text:  Seats and belts (material/condition/installation)  Portable light (cabin crew)  Instructions for passengers (written and demonstration)  Opening assistance systems

text: B7 Emergency exit, lighting and marking, independent portable light

text:  Evacuation signs  Lighting and marking (passenger compartment)  Independent Portable light

text: B8 Slides/life-rafts/ELTs

text:  Slides/rafts general (locations, types)  Serviceability - pressure gauge/green band  Instructions for passengers (written and demonstration)  Emergency locator transmitter (ELT) (general/types/location)

text: B9 Oxygen supply (cabin crew and passengers)

text:  Oxygen supply: cylinders and generators

text:  Serviceability - pressure gauge/green band  Models/A/C types  Drop-out panels/storage of masks

text: B10 Safety instructions

text:  Availability and accuracy

text: B11 Cabin crew members

text:  Appropriate number of cabin crew (A/C type)  Refuelling with passengers on-board (crew positions

text: B12 Access to emergency exits

text:  Number and location of exits  Different models and sizes (A/C type)  Obstructions  Instructions for passengers (written and demonstration)

text: B13 Stowage of passenger baggage’s (cabin luggage)

text:  Proper storage (size, weight and number)  Safety risks

text: B14 Seat capacity

text:  Numbers of seats (A/C type)  Max number of passengers (A/C type)

text: MODULE (C)

text: RAMP INSPECTION ITEMS (C)

text: Objectives: C1 General External Condition Trainees should possess the relevant knowledge  Corrosion (different corrosion types) enabling them to inspect each item.  Cleanliness and contamination (fuselage and wings)  Windows and windshields (delamination)  Exterior lights (landing lights, NAV-lights, strobes, beacon ...)  Markings  De-icing requirements

text: C2 Doors and hatches

text:  Door types (normal – emergency – cargo doors)  Markings and placards of doors  Operating instructions of doors  Condition and possible damages

text: C3 Flight controls

text:  Condition and possible damages, corrosion and loose parts  Rotor head condition  Leakage

text: C4 Wheels, tyres and brakes

text:  Tyre pressure (cockpit indications/wheel integrated gauge)  Brake condition  Condition and possible damages, leaking and loose parts

text: C5 Undercarriage

text:  Condition and possible damages, corrosion and loose parts  Strut (and tilt cylinder) pressure

text: C6 Wheel well

text:  Condition and possible damages, corrosion, leaks and loose parts

text: C7 Powerplant and pylon

text:  Cowlings, cowling doors and blow-out doors  Condition and possible damages, corrosion, leaks and loose parts  Pylon, pylon doors, blow-out panels and missing rivets  Condition and possible damages, corrosion, leaks and loose parts  Reversers’ condition

text: C8 Fan blades, propellers, rotors

text:  Types of fan blades/propellers/rotors  Foreign object damage (FOD), (dents, nicks, blade bending)  De-icing (boots and heating elements)

text: C9 Obvious repairs

text:  Obvious repairs/maintenance release, technical log,

text: C1.0 Obvious unprepared damage

text:  Damages/missing maintenance release, technical log,  Assessment of damage

text: C11 Leakage

text:  Obvious leakage, technical log,  Types and assessment of leakage  Toilet leaks/blue ice etc.

text: MODULE (D)

text: Ramp inspections items (D)

text: Objectives: D1 General condition of cargo compartment Trainees should possess the  Structures, wall panels, wall sealing relevant knowledge enabling  Fire detection & extinguishing systems them to inspect each item.  Blow-out panels  9G-net  Containers  Loading instructions/door instructions  Damage

text: D2 Dangerous goods

text:  Notification to the pilot-in-command/commander  Segregation and accessibility  Packaging and labelling  Limitations/restrictions (cargo aircraft ) goods)

text: D3 Cargo stowage

text:  Loading instructions (placards, wall markings)  Flight kit (secured)  Pallets, nets, straps, containers (secured)  Loading limitations (weight, size and height)

text: E1 General

text:  All the general items that may have a direct relation with the safety of the aircraft or its occupants

text: AMC2 ARO.RAMP.115(b)(2)(i) Qualification of ramp inspectors SYLLABUS OF PRACTICAL TRAINING FOR RAMP INSPECTORS - INITIAL (PRACTICAL) TRAINING COURSE - Module (A): Flight crew compartment inspection items - Module (B): Cabin safety inspection items - Module (C): Aircraft condition inspection items - Module (D): Cargo inspection items

text: MODULE A (Flight crew compartment inspection items)

text: A1 General condition (of flight crew compartment) Objectives:  Security/reinforced door (how to recognise) Trainees should be able to use  Reinforced flight crew compartment door installations/locking their technical knowledge and functions (with a real example) ramp inspection techniques in a  C/Bs/ circuit breakers (recognise pulled/popped) satisfactory manner during the  Crew seats/serviceability (functions of seats/manual – electrical) subsequent on-the-job training  Examples of storage of flight cases and crew luggage (possible safety hazards)  Check cleanness of flight crew compartment

text: A2 Emergency exit (flight crew compartment)

text:  Recognise easy access (no blockings)  Escape ropes (check if secured)

text: A3 Equipment

text: GPWS-TAWS:

text:  GPWS, locate instruments in cockpit  Aural warning test demonstrating: Sounds/display patterns  Recognise CIS-built A/C systems (if possible): SSOS – SPPZ – SRPBZ

text: ACAS/TCAS II

text:  Locate instruments in cockpit  Mode S transponder and ACAS II (locate and check the model)  System warning test/indications

text: 8.33 kHz radio channel spacing

text:  Indication in the flight plan (examples)  How to check real channel spacing during the inspection (performed with real radios or approved training devices)

text: A4 Manuals (flight manuals only)

text:  Operations manual: (content/handling exercise)  Aircraft flight manual (examples)  Electronic manuals (lap-tops)/integrated systems

text: A5 Checklists

text:  Check validity normal-, abnormal-, emergency checklists and ‘quick reference handbook’  Meaning of ‘available’/within reach (case study/ examples)  A/C sys integrated checklists (demonstration of system)  Ex-Soviet-built A/C checklists (recognise/examples)

text: A6 Radio navigation/instrument charts

text:  Check the covering of charts  En-route and instruments approach charts (view examples)  Locations in the flight crew compartment  Electronic maps and charts (examples)  Check updating markings of the charts and folders.  FMS navigation data-base (check the “INIT” page for validity)

text: A7 Minimum equipment list (MEL)

text:  Check the deferred defects are in accordance with the MEL instructions  Inspect MEL according the current MMEL  Approval (check)

text:  ‘Rukowodstwo’ (examples)

text: A8 Certificate of Registration (CoR)

text:  Content and accuracy of the Certificate of Registration (various examples/check)  Requirements of certified true copy (examples of copies)  Common location in the A/C  Identification plate/show various locations in A/C

text: A9 Noise certificate

text:  Format of the noise certificate  Content of noise certificate/approval/(check)

text: A10 Air Operator Certificate (AOC) or equivalent

text:  Format of the air operator certificate  Content and accuracy of AOC/approval (check compliance with the requirement)  Show location (A/C documents or door)

text: A11 Radio (station) licence

text:  Format of the radio station licence (examples)  Show location (a/c documents or door)

text:  Check certificate and content (recognise standard form)  Accuracy and validity (check)  Show location (A/C documents or door)

text: A13 Flight preparation

text:  Check operational flight plan, proper filling and relevant documents  Proper fuel calculation and monitoring (demonstration of various examples)  NOTAMs/check validity (examples)  Weather information/available and within reach (demonstrate updated reports/examples)

text: A14 Mass and balance calculation

text:  Check examples of different type weight and balance sheets/A/C types (manual and computerised)

text: A15 Hand fire extinguishers

text:  Locations/access (flight crew compartment visit)  Condition and pressure gauge  Familiarise with different date markings (inspection date or expiry date)  Mountings (review examples)  Types (review examples)

text: A16 Life-jackets/flotation devices

text:  Locations  Familiarise with date markings  Extra raft location in flight crew compartment (installation, pressure gauge)

text: A17 Harness

text:  Worn out (examples)  Locks (common problems)

text: A18 Oxygen equipment

text:  Storage of masks (Quick Donning/Balloon)  Pressure gauge (check green band)  Radio boom – mask check

text: A19 Independent Portable light

text:  Locations  Operational check

text: A20 Flight crew licences

text:  Licenses of personnel: - endorsement of certificates and licenses - validity of endorsed certificates and licenses - language proficiency - medical certificate (spare glasses etc.) - validity of licences  Aeroplane flight crew: - composition of the flight crew - age limitations

text: A21 Journey logbook

text:  Content of journey log book (check markings and comply with the requirement)  Responsibility of signing log book (example)

text: A22 Maintenance release

text:  Aeroplane maintenance (maintenance record)  Maintenance release, general (checkmark or sign)  Relevant release for service (examples)

text: A23 Defect notification and rectification (incl. Tech Log)

text:  Open defects  History of defects (including hold item list)

text: A24 Pre-flight inspection

text:  Pre-flight inspection sheet and journey log book (presence and signed off)

text: MODULE B (Cabin Safety)

text: B1 General internal condition (cabin) Objectives:  Safety and survival equipment (cabin visit for the locations) Trainees should be able to use  Design and construction (familiarise with different type cabins) their technical knowledge and  Recognise loose carpet and damaged floor panel ramp inspection techniques in  System design features: a satisfactory manner during - recognise right materials (Cabin visit) the subsequent on-the-job - lavatory smoke detection system/Cabin visit for the locations training - built-in fire extinguisher system for each receptacle intended for disposal of towels, paper or waste (how to check extinguishers)/Cabin visit for the locations  Check that normal and abnormal duties by cabin crew may be performed without hindrance (Guided tour in cabin for demonstration of duties)

text: B2 Cabin crew stations and crew rest area

text:  Cabin crew seats (cabin visit for number, material and condition)  Cabin crew seats upright position (case study/ recognise safety hazard)  Familiarise with problems with belt wearing and fast locks  Familiarise with seat attachment to the floor or wall

text:  Easy access to emergency equipment (cabin visit for locations and condition)

text: B3 First-aid kit/emergency medical kit

text:  Cabin visit for locations (readily/access)  Adequacy (how to determine)  Confirmation that contents match the relevant checklist  Identifications/markings/seals (examples)

text: B4 Hand fire extinguishers

text:  Cabin visit for locations (readily/access)  Checking serviceability

text: B5 Life-jackets/flotation devices

text:  Different models of life- jackets and flotation devices  Instructions for passengers  Condition and serviceability

text: B6 Seat belt and seat condition

text:  Seat belt material/condition (examples)  Recognise common problems with fast locks  Recognise common problems with seat belt wearing  Installation of seat belts (hazard to block evacuation)  Extra belts (locations)  Passenger seats (number and condition)  Passenger seat materials/fire resistant (recognise right materials)  Seat attach to the cabin floor (how to check)

text:  Lighting and marking (cabin visit for locations and condition)  Condition and serviceability of exits  Instructions for passengers  Availability, serviceability and easy access of independent Portable light

text: B8 Slides/life-rafts/ELT’s

text:  Slides/rafts general (cabin visit for locations and condition)  Check pressure gauge and recognise green band  Recognise condition of slides and rafts and familiarise with expiry date markings  Emergency locator transmitter (ELT) (cabin visit for locations and condition)  Automatic fixed ELT (examples/how to recognise)  Automatic portable ELT (examples/how to recognise)  Automatic deployable ELT (examples/how to recognise)

text:  Check oxygen supply (cylinders and generators) (cabin visit for locations and condition)  Check the cylinder pressure gauge and recognise green band  Drop-out panels (cabin visit for locations and condition)  Storage of masks/serviceability

text: B10 Safety instructions

text:  The meaning of available (within reach)  The meaning of accuracy/A/C types (recognise difference in instructions)  Content of instructions

text: B11 Cabin crew members

text:  Appropriate number of cabin crew (how to check)  Refuelling with passengers on board (check cabin crew positions)  Cabin crew member’s type training document (familiarise with different types)

text: B12 Access to emergency exits

text:  Number and location of exits  Different models and sizes (A/C type)  Instructions for passengers (written and demonstration)  Obstructions (requirement on the projected opening)

text: B13 Stowage of passenger baggage (cabin luggage)

text:  Recognise proper storage (size, weight and number)  Familiarise and recognise safety risks (case study)

text: B14 Seat capacity

text:  Max number of passengers according to the cabin configuration  Compare the numbers of passenger and the number of serviceable seats  Interrelation with other inspection items: maximum number of passengers influenced by: B6 (inoperative seat) and/or B7 (inoperative exit)

text: 3.MODULE C (aircraft condition)

text: Objectives: C1 General external condition Trainees should be able to use their technical knowledge and  Recognise presence of ice, snow and frost ramp inspection techniques in  Condition of paint (familiarise when loose of painting is problem) a satisfactory manner during  Recognise legibility of aircraft’s markings (registration) the subsequent on-the-job  Corrosion (familiarise and recognise different corrosion types) training  Cleanliness and contamination of fuselage and wings (familiarise and recognise)  Windshields (recognise delaminating)  Windows (recognise damages and problems)  Exterior lights (landing lights, NAV-lights, strobes, beacon, etc.) (check the condition)  Recognise marks of lightning strike

text: C2 Doors and hatches

text:  Familiarise with different door types/structures (aircraft visit for locations)  Cockpit indications of doors (flight crew compartment visit)  Familiarise with markings and placards of doors  Operating instructions of doors (recognise hazards if lack of markings)  Recognise normal condition and possible damages/loosing parts

text: C3 Flight controls

text:  Condition and possible damages, corrosion and loose parts  Recognise marks of lightning strike  Familiarise with static dischargers (recognise when missing)  Recognise possible defects and damages

text: C4 Wheels, tyres and brakes

text:  Familiarise with different tyre models  Familiarise with different brake assemblies  Familiarise with maintenance manual limits

text:  Recognise brake wearing indicator ‘pin’ (examples/locations)  Recognise normal condition and possible damages, leaking and loose parts  Tyre wear/tyre pressure (check)

text: C5 Undercarriage

text:  Condition and possible damages, corrosion and loose parts  Proper strut (and tilt cylinder pressure)  Lubrication (recognise signs of lubrication)  Familiarise with marking placards  Recognise bonding wires  Possible defects and damages

text: C6 Wheel well

text:  Condition and possible damages, corrosion and loose parts  Lubrication (recognise signs of lubrication)  Familiarise with marking placards  Recognise bonding wires  Possible defects and damages

text: C7 Powerplant and pylon

text:  Powerplants (type of engines)  Cowlings, cowling doors and blow-out doors  Leaks (hydraulic, fuel, oil)  Condition and possible damages, corrosion, leaks and loose parts  Recognise engine sensors (condition)  Possible defects and damages  Pylon (types of pylons) - Recognise pylon doors, panels and blowout panels and loose rivets – bolts  Reverser's condition (broken hinges and proper closure)

text: C8 Fan blades, propellers, rotors

text:  Typical foreign object damages (FOD), (examples of dents, nicks and blade bending)  Recognise looseness of blades in hub  Possible defects and damages (familiarise with procedures related to compliance with engine maintenance manual)  Check de-icing boots

text: C9 Obvious repairs

text:  Recognise obvious repairs (examples)  Maintenance release/technical log

text: C10 Obvious unrepaired damage

text:  Recognise obvious damages (examples)  Damages/maintenance release/technical log  Recognise assessment of damage (examples)

text: C11 Leakage

text:  Fluid leaks outside of limits (examples fuel, hydraulic, oil)  Obvious leak: check the maintenance release, technical log  Recognise toilet leaks (blue ice examples)  Recognise de-icing fluids on the A/C (aircraft visit for locations)

text: MODULE D (Cargo)

text: D1 General condition of cargo compartment

text:  Cargo compartment (aircraft visit for locations)  Check wall panels  Recognise wall sealing  Familiarise with A/C systems in cargo compartment: - fire containment, detection and extinguishing systems - ventilation - heating - loading systems (rollers) - lighting  Recognise blow-out panels  Familiarise with 9G-net  Cargo restraining devices  Check cargo door sealing for ETOPS  Containers  Loading instructions/door instructions  Damages in cargo compartment  Recognise obvious repairs in cargo compartment

text: D2 Dangerous goods (DG)

text:  How to recognise the special authorisation to transport DG  Assessing the scope of the authorisation (different classes)  Notification to Captain (NOTOC) format and content  Segregation and accessibility  Examples of packaging and labelling of DG  Identifying limitations and restrictions for certain (sub)classes of DG  Identification and removal of contamination with DG

text: D3 Secure cargo stowage

text:  Cargo bay (guided visit for locations)  Loading instructions (placards, wall markings/tidiness)  Familiarise with flight kit/spare wheel (secured)  Familiarise with pallets, nets, straps, containers (secured)  Recognising loading limits (weight and height)

text: AMC1 ARO.RAMP.115(b)(3) Qualification of ramp inspectors RECURRENT TRAINING (a) Once qualified, ramp inspectors should undergo recurrent training in order to be kept upto-date. (b) The competent authority should ensure that all ramp inspectors undergo recurrent training at least once every 3 years after being qualified as ramp inspectors or when deemed necessary by the competent authority or the Agency, e.g. after major changes in the inspection procedures. The Agency will inform the competent authority of such necessity. (c) Recurrent training should be delivered by a competent authority or by an approved training organisation. (d) The recurrent training should cover at least the following elements: (1) new regulatory and procedural developments; (2) new operational practices; (3) articulation review of other European processes and regulations (list of banned operators or aircraft pursuant to

text: Regulation (EC) No 2111/2005

text: , authorisation of third-country operators); using data collected through ramp inspections; and (4) standardisation and harmonisation issues. AMC2 ARO.RAMP.115(b)(3) Qualification of ramp inspectors RECENT EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS (a) The minimum number of inspections required for ramp inspectors to maintain their qualification should be conducted during any 12-month period after undergoing training, evenly spread during such intervals. (b) This number may be reduced by the number of inspections on aircraft operated by domestic operators if the inspector is also a qualified flight operations, ramp or airworthiness inspector of a competent authority and is regularly engaged in the oversight of such operators. (c) If the inspector loses his/her qualification as a result of not reaching the minimum number of inspections mentioned in (a) he/she may be requalified by the competent authority by performing a number of inspections under the supervision of a senior ramp inspector. The number of supervised inspections should not be less than half the number of missed inspections according to the minimum requirement. The time between these two inspections should be not more than 90 calendar days. (d) If the inspector loses his/her qualification because he/she has not been engaged in performing inspections on aircraft for more than 12 months, he/she may be requalified by the competent authority only after successfully completing on-the-job-training as prescribed in GM2 ARO.RAMP.115(b)(2) and any recurrent training required. (e) If the inspector loses his/her qualification because he/she has not been engaged in performing inspections on aircraft for more than 36 months, he/she should be fully requalified by successfully completing initial theoretical, practical and on-the-job training. (f) The competent authority should ensure that all ramp inspectors undergo recurrent training at least once every 3 years after being qualified as ramp inspectors and whenever deemed necessary by the Agency due to significant changes of the ramp inspection programme. AMC1 ARO.RAMP.115(c) Qualification of ramp inspectors CRITERIA FOR TRAINING ORGANISATIONS (a) The training organisation should appoint a manager who is responsible for ensuring that training courses are managed and carried out in accordance with the following criteria: (1) The training organisation should contract sufficient personnel to develop and deliver ramp inspection training courses in accordance with the technical criteria required by the Agency. (2) The size and structure of training facilities should ensure protection from the prevailing weather elements and proper operation of all planned training and examination on any particular day. (3) Fully enclosed appropriate accommodation, separate from other facilities, should be provided for the instruction. In case the training will be given in other facilities than its own training facility, such facility should meet the same criteria. (4) Classrooms should have appropriate presentation equipment, of a standard that ensures students can easily read presentation text/drawings/diagrams and figures from any position in the classroom. (5) The training organisation should establish appropriate procedures to ensure proper training standards and compliance with the applicable criteria, including a quality system to ensure adequate control of the training preparation and delivery process. (6) The training should be conducted in the English language with the aim to train the trainee in the jargon to be used during the ramp inspection. (7) The training organisation should demonstrate that compliance with the applicable criteria is maintained in time, and that the content of the training course is always kept in line with the applicable syllabi. (8) The training organisation should put in place a system to evaluate the effectiveness of training provided, based upon feedback collected from course participants after each training delivery. An annual review summarising the results of the feedback system together with the training organisation’s corrective actions (if any) shall be sent to the Agency. (i) Training organisations providing ramp inspection training courses should use only training instructors meeting the experience and qualifications criteria listed hereunder: (ii) knowledge of the EU Ramp Inspection Programme; (iii) knowledge of training delivery methods and techniques; (iv) for instructors delivering training on inspection items and/or delivering practical training: (A) meets the eligibility requirements for inspectors; (B) knowledge of the ramp inspection methodology through participation, as an inspector or as an observer under the guidance of a senior ramp inspector, in at least 30 inspections in the previous 5 years before being nominated as an instructor. (v) for instructors delivering training on the regulatory framework and general ramp inspection process, at least 2 years of direct experience in the EU ramp inspection programme (previous SAFA Programme), e.g. either as an inspector or as a national coordinator or as an aviation safety regulations/legislation expert. (9) Fulfilment of the criteria above should be attested by the training organisation based, as a minimum, on individual self-declaration. (10) Training organisations should only employ training instructors that have maintained their proficiency by performing or observing a minimum of six ramp inspections per year. (11) All instructors should attend a recurrent training workshop organised by the Agency, aiming at updating their knowledge with new developments of the EU Ramp Inspection Programme as well as standardisation and harmonisation issues. The Agency’s workshop should be attended whenever it would be deemed necessary due to significant changes in the Ramp Inspection Programme’s structure and procedures, with a minimum of at least once every 3 years. GM1 ARO.RAMP.115(c) Qualification of ramp inspectors CHECKLIST FOR THE EVALUATION OF A 3RD PARTY TRAINING ORGANISATION The competent authority should ensure that their training programmes and/or their systems for the evaluation of third party training organisations are amended accordingly to reflect any recommendations arising from the standardisation audits conducted by the Agency in accordance with

text: Regulation (EC) No 736/2006

text: . GM2 ARO.RAMP.115(c) Qualification of ramp inspectors CHECKLIST FOR THE EVALUATION OF A 3RD PARTY TRAINING ORGANISATION 1 ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE No. DESCRIPTION YES NO REMARKS Has a manager with corporate 1 authority been appointed? Has the training provider contracted 2 enough personnel to develop and deliver EU ramp inspection training? Is the development and delivery of training in accordance with the 3 technical criteria required by the Agency? 2 FACILITIES No. DESCRIPTION YES NO REMARKS Does the size and structure of the available training facilities ensure 1 adequate protection against weather elements? Does the size and structure of the 2 available training facilities provide proper training activities? 3 INSTRUCTIONAL EQUIPMENT No. DESCRIPTION YES NO REMARKS Is the presentation equipment 1 appropriate for the training to be delivered? Can the trainees easily read the 2 presented material from any position in the classroom?

text: OJ L 129, 17.5.2006, p.10.

text: 4 TRAINING PROCEDURE No. DESCRIPTION YES NO REMARKS Has the training provider established 1 appropriate procedures to ensure proper training standards? Has the training provider established 2 a system to control the training preparation and delivery process? Is the course material written in the 3 English language and will the course be given in the English language? Has the training provider demonstrated how compliance with 4 technical criteria is maintained in time and kept in line with the training syllabi? Has the training provider developed a 5 system to evaluate the effectiveness of training provided? Has the training provider devised a system to evaluate the effectiveness 6 of the training based upon the feedback received? GM3 ARO.RAMP.115(c) Qualification of ramp inspectors CHECKLIST FOR THE EVALUATION OF RAMP INSPECTIONS TRAINING INSTRUCTORS 1 Qualification Criteria No. DESCRIPTION YES NO REMARKS Do the instructors possess knowledge 1 of the EU Ramp Inspection Programme? Do the instructors have the 2 knowledge on training methods and techniques? Do the instructors delivering training on inspection items/practical training 3 meet the eligibility and inspection experience requirements? Do the other instructors meet the 4 working experience criteria? 2 Qualification records No. DESCRIPTION YES NO REMARKS Has the training organisation created 1 and maintained proper records on their instructors? 3 Recent experience and recurrent training No. DESCRIPTION YES NO REMARKS Do the instructors meet, if applicable, 1 the requirements on recent experience? Do the instructors meet the 2 requirements on recurrent training? ADDITIONAL REMARKS AMC1 ARO.RAMP.120 Approval of training organisations TRAINING ORGANISATIONS PROVIDING TRAINING TO RAMP INSPECTORS (a) The competent authority employing a third party organisation for the purpose of ramp inspections related training should put in place a system to evaluate such an organisation. The system should be simple, transparent and proportionate. Such a system should take into account evaluations conducted by other Member State authorities. (b) When an evaluation is performed by the Agency on behalf of a competent authority the result of this evaluation should be used by any Member State as a basis for its own evaluation. (c) For each qualified training organisation, a competent authority should communicate to the Agency the following details: (1) full legal name; (2) address; and (3) scope of training (i.e. theoretical training, practical training and a combination of these trainings). AMC1 ARO.RAMP.125(b) Conduct of Ramp inspections GENERAL (a) Ramp inspections should be performed by inspectors possessing the necessary knowledge relevant to the area of inspection whereby technical, airworthiness and operational knowledge must be represented in case all items of the checklist are being verified. When a ramp inspection is performed by two or more inspectors, the main elements of the inspection - the visual inspection of the aircraft exterior, the inspection in the flight deck and the inspection of the passenger cabin and/or cargo compartments may be divided among the inspectors, according to their privileges granted in accordance with ARO.RAMP.115. (b) The competent authority should put in place appropriate procedures to allow them unrestricted access to the aircraft to be inspected. In this respect ramp inspectors should possess adequate credentials. (c) Inspectors should identify themselves to the pilot–in-command/commander of the aircraft or, in his/her absence, to a member of the flight crew or to the most senior representative of the operator prior to commencing the on-board part of their ramp inspection. When it is not possible to inform any representative of the operator or when there is no such representative present in or near the aircraft, the general principle should be not to perform a ramp inspection. In special circumstances it may be decided to perform a ramp inspection but this should be limited to a visual check of the aircraft exterior. (d) The inspection should be as comprehensive as possible within the time and resources available. This means that if only a limited amount of time or resources is available, not all inspection items but a reduced number may be verified. According to the time and resources available for a ramp inspection, the items that are to be inspected should be selected accordingly in conformity with the objectives of the ramp inspection programme. Items not being inspected may be inspected during a next inspection. (e) Inspectors should show tact and diplomacy when performing a ramp inspection. A certain amount of inconvenience to flight and cabin crews, handling agents and other personnel involved in ground handling activities may arise but inspectors should try to reduce it to the minimum. Unnecessary contact with passengers should be avoided. (f) Ramp inspectors should not open any hatches, doors or panels themselves nor should they operate or interfere with any aircraft controls or equipment. When such actions are required for the scope of the inspection, the ramp inspectors should request the assistance of the operator’s personnel (flight crew, cabin crew, ground crew). (g) The items to be inspected should be selected from the ramp inspection checklist (see Appendices III and IV). The ramp inspection checklist contains a total of 54 items. Of these, 24 relate to operational requirements (A-items) to be checked on the flight crew compartment, 14 items address safety and cabin items (B-items), 12 items are concerning the aircraft condition (C-items) and three items (D-items) are related to the inspection of cargo (including dangerous goods) and the cargo compartment. In case of any general inspection items not addressed by the other items of the checklist, they may be administered by the E-item (General) of the checklist. (h) Items which have been inspected as well as any possible findings and observations will be recorded in the Ramp Inspections Report (see Appendices III and IV). (i) ARO.RAMP.125 (c) requires that the operator is informed about the results of every ramp inspection by providing it with a copy of the Proof of Inspection (see Appendix III). A signed acknowledgement of receipt should be requested from the recipient and retained by the inspector. Refusal by the recipient to sign should be recorded in the document. GM1 ARO.RAMP.125(b) Conduct of Ramp inspections UNREASONABLE DELAY The inspector(s) intending to conduct the ramp inspection should be able to start the inspection immediately. The inspector(s) should ensure that the inspection can be carried out expeditiously. Delays related to the availability of the inspector(s) or the necessary inspection documentation or similar avoidable reasons of delay caused by the inspector(s), which are not directly related to safety, should be avoided without exception.