Opinion of Mr Advocate General Lenz delivered on 15 June 1988

1 Translated from the German.

2 OJ English Special Edition 1987 (II), p. 416, as amended and updated in Regulation (EEC) No 2001/83 of 2 June 1983 (OI L 230, 23.8.1983, p. 6), most recently amended by Regulation (EEC) No 3811/86 (OJ 1986, L 355, p 5)

3 OJ 1974, C 126, p. 22.

4 See, as regards this rule, the judgment of 28 April 1988 in Case 192/87 M.-J. Vanhaeren v Rijksdienst voor Arbeidsvoorziening [1988] ECR 2411, paragraphs 10 to 12 of the decision.

5 Article 71 (I) (a) (ii) and (b) (ii).

6 Order of the Landessozialgericht, p. 5.

7 OJ C 169, 9.7.1980, p. 22.

8 See new paragraph (2) for insertion in Article 70 under the Commission's proposal.

9 Observations of the Bundesanstalt für Arbeit, pp. I and 2.

10 Judgment of the Court of 17 February 1977 in Case 76/76 Di Paolo w Office national de l'emploi [1977] ECR 315.

11 Case 76/76, cited above, paragraphs 11 to 13 of the decision.

12 Case 76/76, cited above, paragraphs 17 to 20 of the decision.

13 Opsahl: La convention el le droit au respect de la vie familiale spécialement en ce qui concerne l'unite de la famille et la protection des parents et tuteurs familiaux dans l'éducation des enfants, in: Vie privée et droits de l'homme, Proceedings of the Third International Colloquy on the European Convention on Human Rights (Brussels, 30 September to 3 October 1970), 1973, pp. 243, 259 et seq.)

14 Judgment of the European Court of Human Rights of 28 May 1985 in the case of Abdulaziz and Others, Publications of the European Court of Human Rights, Series A, Vol. 94, p. 32, paragraph 62; Frowein/Peukert, EMRKKommentar, 1985, Article 9, point 17; Guradze: Die europäische Menschenrechtskonvention, Kommentar, 1968, Article 8, point 8; Moser: Die europäische Menschenrechtskonvention und das bürgerliche Recht, 1972, p. 174.

15 Jacobs: The European Convention on Human Rights, 1975, p. 164; Partsch: Die Rechte und Freiheiten der europäischen Menschenrechtskonvention, 1966, p. 217.

16 Wengler: Die Unanwendbarkeit der europäischen Sozialcharta im Staat, 1969, p. 10 et seq. This point is a matter of dispute among German academics, see Hohnerlein: Federal Republic of Germany, in: Jaspers/Betten, 25 years of the European Social Charter, 1988, pp. 105, 111 to 113.

17 Hohnerlein, cited above, pp. 113 and 114; Bundesverwaltungsgericht, judgment of 30 November 1982, BVerwGE 66, pp. 268 and 274.

18 Sieghan: The International Law of Human Rights, 1983, pp. 315 etieq.

19 Sieghan, note 17, p. 204.

20 Article 36 of the Law of 3 July 1978 on employment contracts.

21 Regulation No 1612/68, Title III.

22 Council Directive 73/148/EEC of 21 May 1973, OJ L 172, p. 14, Article 1.

23 This view was put forward by the representative of the Commission at the hearing, see pp. 7 and 8 of the transcript of the hearing.

24 Judgment of 27 May 1982 in Case 227/81 Francis Aubin v Anedie [1982] ECR 1991, paragraph 19 of the decision, and judgment of 12 June 1986 in Case 1/85 Miethe v Bundesanstalt für Arbeit [1986] ECR 1837, paragraph 9 of the decision.

25 Judgment of 15 December 1976 in Case 39/76 Mouthaan [1976] ECR 1901, paragraphs 12 to 15 of the decision, and Case 227/81, cited above, paragraph 12 of the decision, as well as Case 1/85, cited above, paragraph 16 of the decision.

26 P. 2 of the observations of the Bundesanstalt für Arbeit.

27 Case 76/76 [1977] ECR 315.

28 Case 76/76 [1977] ECR 315.

29 Case 76/76, cited above, paragraphs 14 and 15 of the decision.

30 Judgment of 14 May 1981 in Case 98/80 C. Romano v Institut national d'assurance maladie [1981] ECR 1241.

31 OJ 1986, C 141, p. 10.