Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) 25 September 1985
In Case 202/84 REFERENCE to the Court under Article 177 of the EEC Treaty by the Tribunal de grande instance [Regional Court], Avignon, for a preliminary ruling in the criminal proceedings brought before that court by
THE COURT (Fourth Chamber) composed of: G. Bosco, President of Chamber, P. Pescatore, T. Koopmans, K. Bahlmann and T. F. O'Higgins, Judges, Advocate General: Sir Gordon Slynn Registrar: D. Louterman, Administrator
after considering the observations submitted on behalf of: B. Girault, the accused in the main proceedings, by J.-L. Freyria, of the Lille Bar, the French Government by J. C. Antonetti and S. C. de Margerie, acting as Agents, assisted by I. Knock, Administrator, the Commission of the European Communities by D. Jacob, acting as Agent, assisted by N. Coutrelis, both members of its Legal Department,
after hearing the Opinion of the Advocate General delivered at the sitting on 14 May 1985,
gives the following
JUDGMENT
Decision
Costs
1. By judgment of 26 July 1984, which was received at the Court on 9 August 1984, the Tribunal de grande instance, Avignon, referred to the Court for a preliminary ruling under Article 177 of the EEC Treaty two questions concerning the interpretation of Articles 30 and 36 of the EEC Treaty, in order to enable it to determine whether national rules imposing a minimum price on the sale of fuel to consumers are compatible with Community law.
2. The questions were raised in the context of criminal proceedings brought against Bernard Girault who is accused of having charged unlawful prices by selling petrol at prices below the minimum prices fixed by the rules in force in December 1983.
3. The accused did not dispute the substance of the facts alleged against him but asked to be acquitted on the ground that the minimum prices which he had failed to apply were based on the Ministerial Decrees of 29 April 1982 and 9 November 1983 concerning the price system for petroleum products, whereas those rules were, he maintained, incompatible with Community law, in particular Article 30 of the EEC Treaty, and were not justified on any of the grounds set out in Article 36 of that Treaty.
4. In those circumstances the Tribunal de grande instance, Avignon, considered it necessary to refer to the Court of Justice the following questions for a preliminary ruling:
5. The question concerning the interpretation of Article 30 of the EEC Treaty has already been examined by the Court in its judgment of 29 January 1985 in Case 231/83 (Cullet v Centre Leclerc Toulouse [1985] ECR 315). The price system at issue in the main proceedings is the same as that which gave rise to Case 231/83 except that Ministerial Decree No. 83-58/A of 9 November 1983, which is applicable to the facts of this case, increased, with regard to regular and supergrade petrol, the margin within which the retail selling price fixed under Ministerial Decree No. 82-10/A could be reduced. However, with regard to the application of Community law, that factor does not raise problems which differ from those resolved by the aforementioned judgment of 29 January 1985.
6. In that judgment the Court came to the following conclusion with regard to the interpretation of Article 30 of the EEC Treaty:
7. With regard to the interpretation of Article 36 of the EEC Treaty, the view was taken in that judgment that legislation fixing a minimum price for fuel cannot be regarded as meeting an objective of public policy for the purposes of that provision.
8. Since there appears to be no new factor in the present case reference should be made, with regard to the replies to be given to the Tribunal de grande instance, Avignon, and to the considerations which led to those replies, to the text of the aforementioned judgment of 29 January 1985, a copy of which is annexed hereto.
9. The costs incurred by the French Government and by the Commission, which have submitted observations to the Court, are not recoverable. As these proceedings are, in so far as the parties to the main proceedings are concerned, a step in the proceedings brought before the national court, the decision on costs is a matter for that court.
On those grounds, THE COURT (Fourth Chamber) in answer to the questions referred to it by the Tribunal de grande instance, Avignon, by judgment of 26 July 1984, hereby rules:
(1) Article 30 of the EEC Treaty prohibits such rules where the minimum price is fixed on the basis solely of the ex-refinery prices of the national refineries and where those ex-refinery prices are in turn linked to the ceiling price which is calculated on the basis solely of the cost prices of national refineries when the European fuel rates are more than 8% above or below those prices.
(2) Legislation fixing a minimum price for fuel cannot be regarded as meeting an objective of public policy for the purposes of Article 36 of the EEC Treaty.
1 Language of the Case: French.