Opinion of Mr Advocate General Darmon delivered on 13 November 1990

1 Original language: French.

2 Judgment of 31 March 1981 in Case 96/80 Jenkim [1981] ECR 911, judgment of 13 May 1986 in Case 170/84 Bilka [1986] ECR 1607; judgment of 13 July 1989 in Case 171/88 Rinner-Kühn [1989] ECR 2743; judgment of 13 December 1989 in Case 102/88 Ruzius-Wilbrink [1989] ECR 4311; judgment of 27 June 1990 in Case C-33/89 /Kowalska [1990) ECR I-2591.

3 Bilka judgment, cited above, at paragraph 30 and the operative part.

4 See Bilka ludgment. mentioned above

5 Rmner-Kubn judgment, cited above I-or a commentary on this ludgment, see J Shaw., European Law Review, December 1989, p 428

6 Kowalika ludgment, cited above

7 Jenkins judgment, cited above.

8 Ruzins-Wilbrink judgment. cited above

9 Cases 96/80, 170/84, 171/88, C-33/89, cued above.

10 Directive on the progressive implementation of the principle of equal treatment between men and women as regards social security (OJ 1979 L 6, p 24).

11 Case 102/88, cued above

12 Directive on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women as regards access to employment, vocational training and promotion, and working conditions (OJ 1976 L 39, p 40).

13 Bilka judgment, paragraph 36.

14 Rinner-Kühn judgment, paragraph 13.

15 Rinner-Kiibn judgment, paragraph 14.

16 Written observations, p. 13.

17 At p. 7 of the observations.

18 P. 11 of the observations.

19 Judgment of 17 October 1989 in Case 109/88 Danfon [1989] ECR 3199.

20 Al paragraph 24

21 P 4 oí the observations.

22 P. 6 of the written observations

23 Case C-33/89, cited above

24 At paragraph 20.

25 Judgment of 8 April 1976 in Case 43/75 Defrenne v Sabena [1976] ECR 455.

26 Kowalska judgment, cited above, at paragraph 20.

27 Opinion in the Kowalska case, cited above, at paragraph 23.