Opinion of Mr Advocate General Mischo delivered on 4 November 1986

1 Translated from the French.

2 See in particular B. Sibilio Parri, Motivazioni e Jarme di intervento dello Stato nell'economia delle aziende, Padova, CEDAM, 1983, p. 61.

3 Judgment of 7 June 1983 in Case 78/82 Commission v Italy [1983] ECR 1955.

4 Judgment of the Court of 11 July 1985 in Case 107/84 Commission v Federal Republic of Germany [1985] ECR 2655, 2633 in particular paragraphs 14 and 15.

5 See, in particular, the judgments of 17 December 1980 and 26 May 1982 in Case 149/79 Commission v Belgium [1980] ECR 3881 and [1982] ECR 1845; the judgment of 3 June 1986 in Case 307/84 Commission v France [1986] ECR 1725; the judgment of 3 July 1986 in Case 66/85 Lawrie-Blum v Land Baden-Württemberg [1986] ECR 2121.

6 Judgment of 22 March 1961 in Joined Cases 42 and 49/59 Snupat v High Authority [1961] ECR 53 (in particular pp. 80 and 81); judgment of 13 July 1962 in Joined Cases 17 and 20/61 Klöckner and Hösé v High Authority [1962] ECR 325 (in particular p. 341); judgment of 13 July 1962 in Case 19/61 Mannemann v High Authority [1962] ECR 357 (in particular pp. 371 and 372).

7 See H. Schröter, in Groeben, Boeckh, Thiesing, Ehlermann: Kommentar zum EWG-Vertrag, Third Edition, p. 885; R. Franceschelli, R. Plaisant, J. Lassier: Droit européen de îa concurrence, 1978, p. 219; J. Schapira, G. Le Tallec, J.-B. Blaise: Droit européen des affaires, 1984, p. 231; J. A. Van Damme: La politique de la concurrence dans le CEE, 1979, p. 113 et seq.

8 Judgment of 16 December 1963 in Case 36/62 Société des aciéries du Temple v High Authority [1963] ECR 289; judgment of 16 June 1966 in Case 50/65 Acciaierie e fernere di Solbiate v High Authority [1966] ECR 147.

9 For other references to the case-law, see the Opinion of Mr Advocate General Lenz in Case 170/83, cited above [1984] ECR 3024 at p. 3024 and 3025.

10 Gleiß and Hirsch: Kommentar zum EWG-Kartellrecht, Third Edition, 1978, p. 396; R. Franceschelli, R. Plaisant, J. Lassier, op. cit., p. 219; A. Deringer: The competition law of the EEC, 1968, p. 228; idem, in FIDE, Eighth Congress (Copenhagen), 1978, p. 22.

11 See, for example, Law No 42 of 28 February 1986 on the budget of the State for the 1986 financial year, Gazzella Ufficiale of 28 February 1986, p. 322 et seq.

12 Directive 85/413 of 24 July 1985 amending Directive 80/723 (Official Journal, L 229, p. 20) extended the scope of the latter, in particular, to the sectors of transport, posts and telecommunications, water and energy.

13 Ruju, in the section Monopoli Fiscale in Enciclopedia del diritto, Milan, 1976, p. 853.