Opinion of Mr Advocate General Lenz delivered on 28 November 1989
1 Original language: German.
2 Case 310/88 Istituto Behring v USSL N.; Case 311/88 Hoechst Italia v USSL No 56; Case 351/88 Laboratori Brtmeati v USL R.
3 See the judgment in Case 74/76 iannelli & Volpi v Paolo Meroni delivered as long ago as 22 March 1977 ([1977] ECR 557); the judgments of 10 July 1985 in Case 17/84 Commission v Ireland [1985] ECR 2375, and of 5 June 1986 in Case 103/84 Commissioni /fa/y[1986] ECR 1759.
4 See the judgment in Iannelli & Volpi, cited above in footnote 2, paragraphs 11 and 12.
5 See the judgment of 19 June 1973 in Case 77/72 Capolongo [1973] ECR 611, paragraph 6.
6 See the judgment in Iannelli & Volpi, cited above in footnote 2, paragraphs 9 and 10.
7 See the judgment in lannelii & Volpi, cited above tn footnote 2, paragraphs 11 and 12.
8 See the ludgmcnl in lannelii & Volpi, cued above in footnote 2, paragraphs 9 and 10.
9 lannelii & Volpi, cited above, paragraph 14
10 Judgment of 7 May 1985 in Case 18/84 Commiiiwn v ftawe[1985) ECR 1339, paragraph 6
11 Judgment of 24 November 1982 in Case 249/81 Commimonv Ireland [1982] ECR 4005, paragraph 16
12 Case 249/81 Commission v Ireland, cited above in footnote 8, paragraph 18.
13 Case 18/84 Commission v France, cited above in footnote 7, paragraph 13, and Case 103/84 Commission v Italy, cited above in footnote 2, paragraph 19.
14 Commission v France, cited above, paragraph 13, and Commission v Italy, cited above.
15 The Court has clearly stated that individuals may rely on directly applicable provisions not only before the courts but also before all organs of the administration, including municipalities, which are obliged to apply those provisions. Judgment of 22 June 1989 in Case 103/88 Costanzo v Commune di Milano [1989] ECR 1839.
16 Judgment of 11 July 1974 in Case 8/74 Dassonville [19741 ECR 837.
17 Sec Commission Communication COM(89) 400 final, paragraph 38.
18 COM(89) 400 final
19 Case 249/81 Commission v helana, cited above in footnote 8.
20 Judgments of 22 March 1977 in Case 78/76 Steinike und Weinlig v Federal Republic of Germany [1977] ECR 595, and in Commission v Italy, cited above in footnote 2.
21 Judgment of 10 July 1985 in Case 17/84 Commission v Ireland [1985] ECR 2375.
22 Judgment of 11 December 1985 in Case 192/84 Commissionv Hellenic Republic [1985] ECR 3973.
23 Judgment of 17 June 1981 in Case 113/80 Commission v Ireland^ 1981] ECR 1627.
24 Judgment in Case 113/80 Commission v Ireland, cited above in footnote 20.
25 Judgment in Case 103/84 Commission v Italy, cited above in footnote 2.
26 See paragraph 26 above.
27 Of 22 December 1969, OJ, English Special Edition 1970 (I), p. 17.
28 See lhe Opinion of Mr Advocate General Lenz in Case 103/84 Commnium v /ía/>[l986j ECR 1761, at p 1764
29 Sec the penultimate (15th) recital in the preamble to the directive (OJ L 13, 19.1.1979, p 30).
30 Emphasis added.
31 See, for instance, the judgment of 7 February 1984 in Case 238/82 Duphar BV and Others v Netherlands [1984] ECR 523.
32 Judgment of 20 February 1979 in Case 120/78 Rewe-Zentral AG v Bundesmonopolverwaltung für Branntwein (Cassis de Dijon) [1979] ECR 649.
33 OJ L 13, 15.1.1976, p. 1.
34 JO L 13, 19.1.1970, p 1.
35 OJ L 127, 20.5.1988, p. 1.
36 Judgment of 23 February 1988 in Case 216/84 Commission v France [1988] ECR 793, paragraph 22.
37 Judgment of 11 May 1989 in Case 76/87 Commission v Germany [1989] ECR 1021, paragraph 23.
38 See, for example, the aid measures provided for in Law No 64/86, which the Commission declared to be compatible with Community law by decision of 2 March 1988, OJ L 143, 10.6.1988, p. 37.
39 Communication of the Commission on regional aid systems, OJ C 31, 3.2.1979, p. 9.
40 See the Commission decision of 2 March 1988, OJ L 143, 10.6.1988, p. 37, point II.3, and the Commission's earlier reservation in its notice on Law No 64/86, OJ C 259, 29.9.1987, p. 2.